Risultati per: Cure palliative nel paziente con cirrosi epatica

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4134569-A4134569, November 12, 2024. Background and purpose:Patients with heart failure (HF) have a high burden of palliative care needs (PCN) and a worse prognosis that is not lower than cancer. The Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) is a scale that evaluates PCN in illness patients, mostly in cancer.Purpose:To evaluate the PCN in hospitalized heart failure patients by IPOS and its relation with patients’ characteristics and mortality.Methodology:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 HF hospitalized patients in Vietnam, who were evaluated by IPOS, including questions using a 5-point Likert scale (0 [best]–4 [worst] points) about physical symptoms (10 items), emotional symptoms (4 items), and communication and practical issues (3 items). Patients were determined to have PCN if having ≥ two items with 4 points or ≥ 3 items with ≥ 3 points.Results and discussions:Mean age: 69,57 ± 11,95 years, male: 68.75%, mean LVEF: 44.19 ±16.11%, and NT-proBNP level: 9107.3 ± 30459.1ng/L, the percentage of patients with PCN was 59.38%. The majority of patients had moderate levels (2 points) of dyspnea (38.13%), weakness (35.0%), and low levels (0 or 1 point) of other physical symptoms. Moderate levels (2 points) were the most common in the patient’s anxiety (43.13%) and family anxiety (51.25%), feeling at peace (40.0%), sharing feelings (55.0%), enough information (45.0%), and practical issue (45.0%). Having PCN was significantly correlated to the duration of heart failure, eGFR, and usage of intravenous medication but not related to heart failure severity (NYHA class, LVEF, NT-ProBNP level) and other characteristics (age, gender, residency, educational levels, occupation). Having PCN was independently associated with higher all-cause mortality after discharge with follow-up for one year (P = 0.037).Conclusions:Hospitalized patients with HF had multi-dimensional symptom burdens in moderate levels. PCN was not related to HF severity but correlated to duration of heart failure, eGFR, and usage of intravenous medication. Having PCN was independently associated with mortality after discharge.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4143804-A4143804, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Palliative care interventions for patients with heart failure have been shown to significantly improve quality of life, reduce symptom burden, and enhance functional status. Timing of referral becomes challenging as disease progresses and readmission rates increase. We studied factors associated with inpatient mortality in patients with end stage heart failure, ineligible for additional advanced therapies.Methods:Individuals with acute decompensated heart failure admitted between 2021-2023, who were ineligible for further advanced cardiac therapies and referred to palliative care, were included to this retrospective study. Data on demographic variables, clinical parameters (NYHA classification, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores, comorbidities, type of heart disease, BNP, albumin, creatinine levels), and palliative care interventions (symptom burden assessments, family meetings, and advanced care planning (ACP) discussions) were collected. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses using Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests, and adjusted regression models to compare characteristics between individuals who died while admitted and survivors.Results:A total of 97 individuals were included in the study, with a mean age of 68 ± 17.7 years, 33.0%(n=32) of whom were female. Patients who died during admission had significantly higher rate of established ACP following palliative care consult (p< 0.01) and had a shorter time from consultation to discharge and were more likely to be declared DNR/DNI during admission. Hospital length of stay was shorter for patients who died in the hospital Lower KPS scores, with KPS scores

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4141265-A4141265, November 12, 2024. Background:Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common congenital anomaly with lesions requiring intervention before initial hospital discharge defined as critical CHD (CCHD). Advances in prenatal detection, surgical, and post-operative care have improved early survival of patients with CCHD, yet long-term survival is limited. Fetal echocardiography has improved diagnosis and characterization of CCHD, and prenatal palliative care (PC) consult can improve shared decision making, communication, and parental stress of patients with life-limiting conditions. We hypothesized that the utilization of prenatal PC consults for patients with CCHD would be low (

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4139646-A4139646, November 12, 2024. Background:Heart failure (HF) affects 6.7 million Americans and causes 500,000 deaths annually. Despite advancements in treatment, the 1-year mortality in advanced HF is 25-50%. Implantable left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are critical for bridge-to-transplant or destination therapy, with 1-year and 2-year survival rates of 80% and 70%, respectively. At least 67% of LVAD patients have palliative care (PC) needs. However, PC involvement rates have been variable. The aim of this study is to measure the utilization of PC focusing on demographic disparities.Methods:Data was obtained from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2021 database to identify patients with a principal diagnosis of HF (ICD I50.xx), secondary diagnoses of LVAD placement (Z45.2, Z95.811) and utilization of PC during encounter (Z51.5). Analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software.Results:Out of 5,688,355 adult hospitalizations in 2021, 1,048,573 patients were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of HF. About 7.46% of HF patients received PC. Among these, patients over 75 years old, who constituted 44.4% of the cohort, accounted for 62.6% of PC involvement. PC consultation rates were similar between sexes. White patients made up 67.8% of the HF population but represented 73.6% of PC consultations, while other minority groups had a lower proportion of PC consultations.LVADs were implanted in 0.09% of HF patients, with 69.5% between 50-74 years old. A significant gender disparity was noted; 76.6% of LVAD recipients were male, and 23.4% female.PC was only involved in the care of 17.2% of LVAD patients. Age distribution of LVAD patients PC mirrored the overall LVAD cohort. Gender disparity persisted, with 80.4% of LVAD patients receiving PC being male, and 19.6% female. Racial disparities were less pronounced in this group.Conclusion:Despite proven benefits of PC involvement on the quality of life, psychological well being, and advanced care planning, specific guidelines in LVAD patients are yet to be established. This study underscores the need for more comprehensive guidelines promoting PC integration in the management of LVAD patients, and highlights demographic disparities in PC utilization among HF and LVAD patients.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4147316-A4147316, November 12, 2024. Background:Outpatient palliative care has been associated with improved health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in patients with heart failure. However, there is limited understanding of its utilization among patients with long-term left ventricular assist device (LT-LVAD) therapy. The prevalence of LVAD implantation as long-term therapy has increased over the past decade; these patients may particularly benefit from outpatient palliative care.Objective:To identify the predictors of outpatient palliative care utilization in a sample of LT-LVAD patients from a high-volume LVAD center.Methods:This retrospective chart review analyzed data from 270 patients who received LVAD as long-term therapy between January 1, 2017, and December 30, 2021, and were supported on LVAD therapy for at least two years. Patients who received heart transplantation prior to the study end-date were excluded. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of receiving outpatient palliative care (with or without inpatient palliative care) versus receiving inpatient palliative care alone.Results:Among 270 patients, the mean age was 62 years (+/- 12), 74.2% were male, 79.0% Black and 17.3% White. By device: 77.4% received HeartMate 3™ (HM3), 19.6% HVAD™ LVAD, 3.0% HeartMate II™. Patients lived an average of 4 years (+/- 1) post-implantation. The mean number of hospitalizations from implantation to death or end-of-study was 7.85 (+/- 7.04). 180 patients received inpatient palliative care consultation alone; 90 patients received at least one outpatient palliative care visit. Black patients had increased odds of receiving outpatient palliative care compared to White patients (OR 2.27, P=0.040). For each additional hospitalization a patient experienced, the odds of receiving outpatient palliative care increased (OR 1.06, P=0.002). Patients with HVAD™ LVAD were less likely to receive outpatient palliative care than those with HM3 (OR 0.45, P=0.029).Conclusion:In this large cohort of patients supported on LT-LVAD therapy, Black patients were more likely to receive outpatient palliative care than White patients. More frequent hospitalizations and LVAD type were associated with an increased likelihood of outpatient palliative care visits. Future studies should explore the factors contributing to these differences to better understand and enhance palliative care utilization for all patients on LT-LVAD therapy.

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Background
With the rise of non-communicable diseases in Tanzania, palliative care (PC) is increasingly needed to improve the quality of life for these patients through pain and symptom management and providing psychological care, social and spiritual support. Despite a larger portion of the population having access to healthcare services at primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Tanzania, PC services are limited and less organised at this level. This study explored the challenges facing the provision of PC and the opportunities for strengthening PC services at PHC facilities in Tanzania.

Methods
We adopted an exploratory qualitative case study to conduct in-depth interviews with 15 health facilities in charge from 15 purposefully selected PHC facilities in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania, in August 2023. We analysed the gathered information using qualitative content analysis.

Results
Two categories emerged from the analysis of the gathered information. These are (1) challenges facing the provision of PC services at PHC facilities and (2) opportunities for strengthening PC services at PHC facilities. The challenges are grouped as provider-level, facility-level and patient-level challenges. The opportunities are organised into three subcategories. These are the increasing demand for PC services, the availability of multiple supporting systems and a functional referral system.

Conclusion
This study underscores the challenges and opportunities for providing PC services at PHC facilities. These findings call for a collaborative effort from health system players to strengthen the available PC services. The efforts should include expanding the coverage of PC services at the PHC facilities and healthcare providers’ training. Expansion of PC services should include introducing them in places where they are unavailable and improving them where they are not available. PC training should consider preservice training in the health training institutions’ curricula and continued medical education to the existing staff. Furthermore, we recommend community health education to raise awareness of PC services.