Risultati per: Come si esegue la raccolta delle urine delle 24 ore

Objective
To evaluate whether urine output (UO), rarely assessed in the literature, is associated with relevant neonatal outcomes in very preterm infants, and which UO threshold may be the most clinically relevant.

Design
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Two Level IV neonatal intensive care units.

Patients
Very preterm infants born between 240/7 and 296/7 weeks of gestation documented with eight UO measurements per day between postnatal day 1 and day 7.

Main outcome measures
Composite outcome defined as death before discharge, or moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or severe brain lesions. The association between this outcome and UO was studied using several UO thresholds.

Results
Among 532 infants studied, UO

Meno 20mila kg in un anno. Italia lontana da autosufficienza

Introduction
Alcohol use is a global driver of HIV infection and disease progression, mediated through risky behaviour and poor antiretroviral adherence. Most studies about the burden of alcohol use among people living with HIV (PLWH)/AIDS have been done in adult populations, but less is known about young people with HIV, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), despite the high level of alcohol use in these settings. The aim of this review is to collate evidence on the prevalence of, and factors associated with, alcohol use disorder (AUD) among young adults (aged 15–24 years) living with HIV/AIDS in LMICs.

Methods and analysis
Two experienced librarians will conduct an independent article search in PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and Web of Science databases, using relevant Medical Subject Headings terms and Boolean operators (‘AND’, ‘OR’). We will include English-language articles that were published in peer-reviewed journals from 1 January 2000, to 25 July 2022, that documented the prevalence of AUD among young people (15–24 years) living with HIV in LMICs. We shall exclude systematic review articles and qualitative studies. Two independent reviewers will screen the articles for eligibility and data will be extracted onto a preset Excel spreadsheet. Data analysis will be done using Stata V.14.0. Heterogeneity will be assessed by use of the I2 statistic and data will be pooled in meta-analyses where appropriate. Publication bias will be assessed using the funnel plot.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not needed as this systematic review will be based on published studies. Findings from this study will be disseminated via submission for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, at conference presentations, and made available to health professionals, scientists and policy makers. Our data set can be made available on request.

Registration details
PROSPERO, CRD42022308955

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 387, Issue 25, Page 2331-2343, December 2022.

Stroke, Volume 54, Issue 1, Page 124-131, January 1, 2023. Background:Management of extracranial internal carotid artery steno-occlusive lesion during endovascular therapy remains debated. Stent occlusion within 24 hours of endovascular therapy is a frequent event after acute carotid artery stenting, and we currently lack large population results. We investigated the incidence, predictors, and clinical impact of stent occlusion after acute carotid artery stenting in current clinical practice.Methods:Patients treated by endovascular therapy with acute carotid artery stenting between 2015 and 2019 in 5 large-volume endovascular-capable centers were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were separated in 2 groups according to the stent patency at 24 hours after carotid artery stenting. We compared baseline characteristics, treatment modalities, and clinical outcome depending on 24-hour stent patency. Primary end point was favorable outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score 0–2 at 3 months.Results:A stent occlusion was observed in 47/225 patients (20.9%). Patients with stent patency had a lower baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (median [interquartile range]: 13 [7–17] versus 18 [12–21]) and had more often stroke of atherothrombotic origin (77.0% versus 53.2%). A higher stent patency rate was found for patients treated with P2Y12antagonists at the acute phase (odds ratio [OR]‚ 2.95 [95% CI‚ 1.10–7.91];P=0.026) and treated with angioplasty (OR‚ 2.42 [95% CI‚ 1.24–4.67];P=0.008). A better intracranial angiographic reperfusion was observed in patients with 24-hour stent patency compared with patients without stent patency (OR‚ 8.38 [95% CI‚ 3.07–22.78];P

Objectives
To describe the inpatient population, establish patterns in admission and mortality over a 4-year period in different cohorts and assess the prognostic ability and workload implications of introducing the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) and associated escalation protocol.

Design
Retrospective cohort analyses of medical and surgical inpatient admissions.

Setting
Large teaching hospital with tertiary inpatient care and a major trauma centre employing an electronic observations platform, initially with a local early warning score, followed by NEWS2 introduction in June 2019.

Participants
332 682 adult patients were admitted between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019.

Outcome measures
Mortality, workload and ability of early warning score to predict death within 24 hours.

Results
Admissions rose by 19% from 76 055 in 2016 to 90 587 in 2019. Total bed days rose by 10% from 433 382 to 477 485. Mortality fell from 3.7% to 3.1% and was significantly lower in patients discharged from a surgical specialty, 1.0%–1.2% (p

90,2% ha completato il ciclo primario. L’84% con primo booster

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Circulation, Volume 146, Issue Suppl_1, Page A13972-A13972, November 8, 2022. BACKGROUND:Urine sodium excretion identifies risk for short and long-term adverse events in acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF). The VENUS HF Early Feasibility Study is testing whether intermittent occlusion of the superior vena cava (SVC) with the preCARDIA system, a catheter mounted balloon and pump console, improves decongestion in ADHF. We hypothesized that preCARDIA therapy increases natriuresis in ADHF.Methods:In a multicenter, prospective, single-arm exploratory safety and feasibility trial, 32 patients with ADHF were assigned to preCARDIA therapy for 24 hours. Urine output and urine electrolytes were measured from a spot urine sample before, immediately after, and for 24 hours after preCARDIA treatment in 13 patients.Results:32 patients were enrolled and received the preCARDIA system. Thirteen patients had complete urine electrolytes available for analysis. Compared to pre-treatment values, total daily urine output increased (1.9±0.8 vs. 4.2±1.5 L/day, p

Circulation, Volume 146, Issue Suppl_1, Page A10370-A10370, November 8, 2022. Background:Tirzepatide has demonstrated substantial reductions in body weight and in-office blood pressure (BP) in people with obesity with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). The effects of tirzepatide on ambulatory BP and heart rate (HR) have not been evaluated. We sought to assess the effect of tirzepatide on 24-hour (24h) mean systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and HR, as measured during 24h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in people living with obesity without T2D.Methods:In the SURMOUNT-1 ABPM sub-study, participants with a body mass index ≥30, or ≥27 kg/m2and at least one weight-related complication (excluding diabetes), with SBP/DBP

Circulation, Volume 146, Issue Suppl_1, Page A10191-A10191, November 8, 2022. Introduction:Kidney tubules play a key role in regulating blood pressure (BP). Urine biomarkers of kidney tubule injury associate with incident hypertension (HTN) in older adults with multiple comorbidities. Less is known about these associations in younger adults.Hypothesis:Urine biomarkers of kidney tubular injury and dysfunction associate with incident HTN and greater 10-year rise in BP in middle-aged adults.Methods:In 1,170 participants of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study (mean age 45±4, 40% black, 56% women) without HTN, cardiovascular disease or kidney disease at the year 20 exam (baseline for this analysis), we measured urine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, alpha-1-microglobulin, kidney injury molecule-1, epidermal growth factor [EGF], interleukin-18, chitinase-3-like protein 1, and uromodulin. We examined associations of biomarkers with incident HTN (onset of systolic BP ≥130 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥80 mmHg or initiation of BP meds) after baseline in interval-censored Cox models and BP trajectories in linear mixed models adjusted for established risk factors.Results:During a median 9.9 years of follow up (IQR 5.9-10.2), 376 incident HTN events occurred. Compared to the lowest tertile of EGF, the risk of incident HTN was lower in the two higher tertiles in the model adjusted for age, sex, race, and urine creatinine, and in the fully adjusted model (Figure). The mean increase in SBP over 10 years was 3.4 mmHg lower in Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 of EGF (95%CI -6.1, -0.7). There were no statistically significant associations of urine EGF with incident HTN or BP trajectories when EGF was modeled as a continuous predictor. There were no statistically significant associations of other biomarkers with incident HTN or BP trajectory.Conclusions:In middle aged adults without HTN, cardiovascular or kidney disease, higher urine EGF levels associated with lower risk of incident HTN and lower 10-year mean rise in BP.

Circulation, Volume 146, Issue Suppl_1, Page A127-A127, November 8, 2022. Background:Urine output (UO) measurement utility after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors who undergo targeted temperature management (TTM) is not well understood.Methods:We included 247 comatose adult patients who underwent TTM after OHCA between 2007 and 2017 and excluded those on maintenance dialysis. Groups were defined based on mean hourly UO during the first 24 hours: Group 1 (1 ml/kg/hr, n=93). Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) serum creatinine criteria were used to define and stage acute kidney injury (AKI). Multivariable analysis was used to evaluate in-hospital mortality.Results:In-hospital mortality decreased as 24-hour mean UO increased (56.2% [41/73] vs 29.6% [24/81] vs 18.3% [17/93] in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively; adjusted OR 0.93 per 0.1 ml/kg/h higher, 95% CI 0.87-0.99, p = 0.03), and UO < 0.5 ml/kg/hr was strongly associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 4.2 [1.6-10.8], p=0.003). In-hospital mortality varied by the KDIGO stage and UO group (Figure), lowest in KDIGO stage 0 and highest in KDIGO stage 3. Both UO (adjusted OR 0.92 per 0.1 ml/kg/h higher, p = 0.002) and KDIGO stage (adjusted OR 1.62 per each stage, p = 0.002) were associated with in-hospital mortality when included in the same model. Among patients with KDIGO stage 0, lower UO portended higher mortality (Figure). Likewise, among patients with low UO (group 1), a higher KDIGO stage predicted higher mortality.Conclusion:Amongst OHCA survivors undergoing TTM, higher UO is incrementally associated with lower in-hospital mortality. The lowest mortality was observed at UO >=1 ml/kg/h, suggesting this as a target for resuscitation in OHCA patients undergoing TTM. Low UO remains associated with in-hospital mortality even when accounting for AKI by creatinine criteria, suggesting that oliguria is a more sensitive prognostic marker in the early post-OHCA phase.

Circulation, Volume 146, Issue Suppl_1, Page A14997-A14997, November 8, 2022. Introduction:Long-term efficacy has not been widely evaluated for computerized cognitive training (CCT) to improve cognition and reduce mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term efficacy of CCT to reduce risk of death and test additional predictors of long-term mortality among patients with heart failure (HF).Methods:In this prospective study, a subset of 142 patients with HF were included from the parent 3-arm RCT testing CCT using BrainHQ to improve memory. Mortality data were collected from electronic health records, family caregivers, physicians or nurses during 24 months after the randomization between Mar 2017 and Dec 2020. Multiple logistic regressions were performed with 2 predictor variables (group and an additional predictor) given the small number of death cases. Predictors tested were age, baseline global cognition, memory, working memory, depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life (HRQL).Results:The sample was 52% women/48% men; mean age 65 (SD=13) years; and race 13% Black, 1% more than one race, 1% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and 85% White. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 46% (SD=14). Of 142 patients, 16 (11.3%) died; 4 (8.3% of 48) in CCT group and 12 (12.8% of 94) in control groups (p=.429). The patients who died were older by 9 years (p=.002), had more depressive symptoms (p=.022), and poorer global cognition (p=.009), memory (p=.069), and HRQL (p=.080) at baseline. In logistic regression models, CCT group was not a statistically significant predictor of 24-month mortality (OR=0.65, 95% CI=0.28-1.15). Patients with better global cognition and memory were less likely to die over 24 months by 27% (OR=0.73, 95% CI=0.58-0.90) and 19% (OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.67-0.99), respectively. Patients with more depressive symptoms (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.00-1.21) and older age (OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.01-1.14) were more likely to die over 24 months. Working memory and HRQL did not predict mortality.Conclusions:CCT using BrainHQ did not show long-term efficacy on reducing 24-month mortality in HF. Efficacious interventions are needed that are targeted at underlying etiologies of cognitive dysfunction and depressive symptoms in older patients with HF.

Circulation, Volume 146, Issue Suppl_1, Page A14965-A14965, November 8, 2022. Introduction:After myocardial infarction (MI), many women experience depressive symptoms and reduced quality of life (QoL), both of which may be influenced by sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), and sleep. We examined associations of objectively-measured 24-hour activity with depressive symptoms and QoL, and simulated effects of reallocating 30 mins of SB with other activities on the outcomes.Methods:We used baseline data (≥ 2 months post-MI) of a multicenter trial of stress management in women with MI. Depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]), global QoL (PROMIS-mental/physical health), and disease-specific QoL (Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 [SAQ-7]) were assessed. Participants wore wrist-actigraphs for 7 days. We used a GGIR R-package to classify 24-hour activity into SB, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and sleep. Isotemporal substitution models were used to simulate time reallocation effects of SB on the outcomes adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and income.Results:Figure 1 shows the 24-hour activity pattern in the sample (n = 87, age = 59.8 ± 12.8y, 67% non-Hispanic white). Greater total SB time (r = -0.34, p < .01) and prolonged (≥ 30mins/bout) SB bouts (r = -0.33, p < .01) were associated with worse SAQ-7 physical limitation but were not associated with other outcomes. The reallocation effects of SB to MVPA or sleep were associated with improved QoL and depressive symptoms (Figure 2).Conclusion:Women with MI had long total SB time with prolonged patterns, both of which are known to increase mortality risk. Breaking up SB bouts, and replacing SB with MVPA or sleep may improve QoL and depressive symptoms in women with MI.