Search Results for: Progressi nel trattamento della psoriasi: review

Introduction
As the field of radiation oncology continues to evolve with rapidly advancing technologies, the need for innovative educational methods is critical. Extended reality (XR) technologies—including virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality—have emerged as transformative tools in medical education. While the potential of XR in healthcare education is recognised, there is a lack of comprehensive exploration specifically in the context of radiation oncology education. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on XR technologies in radiation oncology training and education, identify barriers to their adoption and highlight opportunities for broader integration into curricula.

Methods
This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O’Malley framework with enhancements by Levac et al and will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A comprehensive search will be conducted across databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies on the use of XR technologies in radiation oncology education. Studies will be selected based on predetermined inclusion criteria using the population, concept, context framework. Data extraction will focus on the types of XR technologies used, educational settings, learning outcomes, barriers to adoption and methodologies for evaluating XR effectiveness. The results will be synthesised through descriptive statistics and qualitative thematic analysis. A consultation phase will engage experts to refine findings and ensure the practical relevance of the review.

Ethics and dissemination
This protocol does not require ethics approval at the current stage as it involves a scoping review of publicly available literature. Ethics approval will be obtained prior to initiating the consultation phase involving experts. Written informed consent will be obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The study will be conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations and was approved by the Chang Gung Medical Foundation Institutional Review Board on 13 May 2025 (ref.: 202500731B0). The findings of this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and tailored executive summaries aimed at educators, policymakers and stakeholders in radiation oncology education.

Objective
To describe frequently investigated and recommended movement tasks, the underlying motor control functions and the domains of movement quality that are assessed in patients with non-specific low back pain (LBP).

Design
A scoping review. Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews and JBI methodology for scoping reviews were followed. A thematic approach was used in an iterative process to identify broader themes in the data synthesis.

Data sources
MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, COSMIN database and DiTA were systematically searched as part of a three-step search strategy (last search: 22 April 2025).

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies
Various types of evidence (qualitative and quantitative, primary and secondary) exploring and discussing movement tasks for assessing lumbopelvic motor control and movement quality in adult patients with non-specific LBP were considered. Grey literature was excluded.

Results
In total, 354 articles from 34 countries were included. Among them, 224 were primary research studies in laboratory settings, 68 studies in clinical settings, 7 meta-analyses, 13 systematic reviews and 42 articles classified as ‘other sources’. Overall, 20 movement task clusters were identified, with ‘hip movements in various positions’ and ‘forward bending’ being the two most common. A conceptual framework was constructed, consisting of five International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-based broad motor control functions and 10 movement quality domains, namely flexibility, stability, accuracy, symmetry, speed, smoothness, adaptability, variability, efficiency and coordination.

Conclusion
The provided conceptual framework for motor control functions and movement quality domains can serve as a structural foundation for future research on the content validity of assessment approaches in the context of LBP.

Circulation, Volume 151, Issue 24, Page e1073-e1074, June 17, 2025.

Circulation, Volume 151, Issue 24, Page e1072-e1072, June 17, 2025.

This comprehensive umbrella review of pancreatic cancer risk factors provides an up-to-date summary useful for identifying prevention and surveillance approaches, and for developing risk prediction models and directing future research.

Introduction
In Zimbabwe, pregnancy termination is generally prohibited unless and only if the circumstances are in sync with the conditions stipulated in the Termination of Pregnancy (ToP) Act of 1977. This raises questions about the modern-day rights of bodily autonomy and integrity (BAI). Funded by the AIDS and Rights Alliance for Southern Africa, this study, therefore, seeks to review and analyse sexual and reproductive health and rights policies and how they relate to the ToP Act (1977) and BAI.

Methods and analysis
This study will use a concurrent multimethod approach. First, policies related to the ToP and bodily autonomy and integration will be reviewed and analysed using the policy analysis triangle. Concurrently, a qualitative and quantitative survey will be conducted on purposively selected key informants and focus group discussions with purposively selected women and men, as well as 200 stratified selected women. Qualitative findings will be recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed using MAXQDA V.20 Pro. Simultaneously, the quantitative output will be collected using KoboCollect, exported into Excel and analysed using both Excel and STATA. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) framework and the Basic Logic Model will guide the triangulation of the findings and development of a policy brief.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the National University of Science and Technology Institutional Review Board at Bulawayo, Zimbabwe (Ethics Number: NUST/IRB/2023/23). Written consent would also be sought from the participants. A policy brief would be developed and shared with key stakeholders. At least three manuscripts would emanate from this study and will be submitted for publication in reputable peer-reviewed journals.

Introduction
Health systems are facing increasingly complex healthcare challenges, including system fragmentation, silos culture, lack of accountability, budgetary constraints and epidemiological transitions. Many governments adopted healthcare networks as a new strategy to address the complex healthcare challenges (eg, multidisciplinary care) by fostering effective clinical and interprofessional collaboration (IPC) across clinical pathways. Yet, limited evidence exists on how IPC is fostered within healthcare networks (ie, happening inside the structure of the network—including processes, systems, communication and practices).

Objectives
This review aims to identify the underlying processes and drivers for effective IPC within healthcare networks, as well as facilitators and barriers.

Design
We followed the scoping review guidance developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines.

Data sources
We searched five databases (PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Research4Life and BDSP).

Eligibility criteria
We included peer-reviewed articles published between 2010–2024 in French or English that addressed IPC within healthcare networks.

Data extractions and synthesis
Data charting included the general characteristics of included studies, IPC characteristics, barriers and facilitators and implications for policy and practice. Thematic analysis was guided by the levels of IPC at individual, professional, interactional and organisational levels.

Results
29 studies were included in this review. Most scholars from the included studies indicated that IPC is a complex, socially stratified process that includes four levels: individual, interactional, professional role and organisational characteristics. The main barriers were poor communication, lack of shared knowledge and decision-making, hierarchy and power imbalances. Key facilitators included clarifying roles, building formal structures for IPC, enhancing communication and promoting interprofessional education and training.

Conclusion
Promoting IPC necessitates systemic interventions that target multiple levels, including the individual, interactional, professional and organisational dimensions. Additional research is needed to understand how to foster effective IPC and develop strategies to ensure high-quality patient care.

Introduction
HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are two of the most devastating disease conditions of public health concern globally. A co-infection of the two diseases poses serious health challenges to patients including mental health problems, ranging from mild to severe, with differing outcomes. This systematic review aims to assess the correlates of HIV-TB co-infection and mental health of adults living in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods and analysis
We will conduct comprehensive database and non-database searches for studies (published and unpublished). We will search Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, JSTOR, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, HINARI and African Journals Online from inception to 31 May 2025, without restriction on language. We will also search the grey literature, including conference proceedings, preprint repositories, databases of dissertations, WHO and governmental databases. In the event where there is a need to contact experts and corresponding authors for further information, the review team will do so to enrich the content of the review. At least three reviewers will independently undertake study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment using validated tools. We will resolve discrepancies or disagreements through discussion. We will analyse dichotomous data as risk ratio, OR or proportion and continuous data as mean difference with their SD; all estimates will be presented with their 95% CI. Where applicable, we will determine SD from point estimates and the appropriate denominators assuming a binomial distribution. The magnitude of heterogeneity between the included studies will be assessed quantitatively using the index of heterogeneity (I2 statistic). The I2 values of 25%, 50% and 75% will be considered to represent low, moderate and significant heterogeneity. The significance of heterogeneity will be determined by the p value of the I2 statistic, and a p value of

Objectives
To compare outcome data of hemicolectomy patients before and after the establishment of a preoperative anaesthesia assessment clinic (PAC).

Design
This observational study was conducted retrospectively through an electronic health record review covering periods before (2014–2017) and after (2017–2022) the PAC was established.

Setting
An acute care hospital in Norway.

Participants
A total of 612 patients undergoing elective open or laparoscopic hemicolectomy were included, of whom 338 (55.2%) had attended the PAC.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
The primary outcome was the rate of cancellation of planned surgeries, and the secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay (LOS), unanticipated intraoperative anaesthesia-related events and the presence of documentation relevant to the planning of anaesthesia in the patient’s medical records preoperatively.

Results
Compared with the after-PAC cohort, the before-PAC cohort was numerically more likely to have their planned surgery cancelled (OR=1.97, 95% CI (0.84 to 4.61); p=0.12). The before-PAC cohort also had a numerically lower rate of unanticipated intraoperative anaesthesia-related events (18.6%) than the after-PAC cohort (22.5%; p=0.240). However, neither of these differences was statistically significant. Median LOS was significantly shorter in the after-PAC cohort (4.79 days, IQR (3.80–6.12)) than in the before-PAC cohort (5.16 days (4.09–7.18); p=0.001). Moreover, the presence of documentation relevant to the planned anaesthesia in the medical records was significantly more common for after-PAC patients.

Conclusions
The establishment of the PAC reduced the rate of planned surgery cancellations but increased the rate of recorded intraoperative anaesthesia events. Patients who attended the PAC had a significantly shorter LOS and more anaesthesia-related information in their medical records.

Trial registration number
NCT05520229.

Introduction
Diabetes during pregnancy poses significant health risks for both mothers and their offspring and requires comprehensive management throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. The increasing global prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy requires effective and efficient management. The current healthcare system can be challenging because of need for frequent hospital visits and limited availability of gestational diabetes (GDM) specialists.
This study investigates the impact of a digital-based management system designed to support women with diabetes from pregnancy through the first year post partum. This system includes a mobile application (MomStart) that allows users to log health data, receive tailored educational content and communicate with healthcare providers. The primary objective of this study is to compare pregnancy outcomes with historical data. We will also investigate the usability of the MomStart application.

Methods and analysis
The study will enrol over 100 pregnant women with diabetes from two hospitals in South Korea for the main study and an additional 500 women from across the country for a supplementary usability study. Data will be collected and analysed to assess neonatal and maternal outcomes and the app’s retention and satisfaction rates.

Ethics and dissemination
The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic University of Korea (XC23OIDI0012). We will present our findings in a national conference and in peer-reviewed medical journals.

Clinical study registration number
This study was registered in Korea’s Clinical Research Information Service system (KCT0008483).

Objectives
Ensuring equity in clinical trials has been declared a global priority. Australia is competitive in the international clinical trial sphere. We aimed to explore factors that influence oncology clinical trial participation in Australia.

Design
Scoping review.

Data sources
On 27 May 2024, a systematic search using a predefined strategy was conducted across four electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and Scopus), grey literature and hand searches.

Eligibility criteria
All cancer (haematological and non-haematological) clinical trials that discussed factors influencing participation in Australia were included. There were no language or age restrictions.

Data extraction and synthesis
Data were extracted using a predesigned extraction tool. Quantitative results were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were synthesised using a framework method into four domains (1) patients, (2) healthcare professionals, (3) clinical trials and (4) health services.

Results
Of 1084 citations identified, 393 duplicates were removed. Of the 691 titles and abstracts screened, 54 articles underwent full-text review, and 42 articles were included in the final analysis. Key factors that influence clinical trial participation were identified across all domains, many consistent with the international literature. For example, while self-reported willingness emerged as a key facilitator across diverse patient groups, cohort studies revealed lower participation rates for migrant populations, older patients and those residing in regional areas. Importantly, we were also able to identify the foundations of an evidence base of interventions that directly support increased clinical trial participation.

Conclusion
This scoping review contributes new findings to a body of international literature, while contributing a unique Australian perspective. These findings establish the foundations of an evidence base that supports inclusive clinical trial participation.

Objectives
Sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary oedema (SCAPE) is a menacing medical emergency and a severe form of acute heart failure that requires urgent intervention. Nitroglycerin (NTG) is commonly used in SCAPE management, but the optimal dosing remains uncertain. This meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of high-dose vs low-dose NTG in SCAPE patients, assessing mechanical ventilation need, symptom resolution, hospital stay and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, registered in Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024527486).

Data sources
A comprehensive search in PubMed, Europe PMC and ScienceDirect up to November 2024. Reference lists of included studies were also reviewed.

Eligibility criteria
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing high-dose NTG (≥100 mcg/min) with low-dose NTG (

Introduction
Teenage pregnancy remains a critical global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The intergenerational transmission of teenage pregnancy underscores the need for targeted interventions. Existing research on intergenerational approaches is fragmented, with varying methodologies and outcomes. This scoping review seeks to address this gap by answering the following research questions: What are the available intergenerational interventions for teenage pregnancy, and what are the associated risks and protective factors for early and late teenage pregnancy?

Methods and analysis
This study does not involve primary data collection and therefore does not require ethical approval. The review will be conducted in five stages: identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies; study selection; charting the data; and collating, summarising and reporting the results. A comprehensive search of electronic databases, grey literature and relevant organisational websites will be conducted for literature published between 2014 and 2024. Data will be extracted using a standardised form and synthesised narratively. Stakeholder consultation will be conducted to refine findings and ensure relevance. The findings will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The results will be presented through narrative synthesis, with tables and charts used to summarise key information.

Ethics and dissemination
As the review is based on publicly available data, ethical approval is not required. Ethical clearance will be sought for stakeholder consultations, if necessary. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conferences, policy briefs and shared openly on the Open Science Framework (OSF). This protocol is registered in the OSF (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/CM9WK).

Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy or early childhood enhances AD risk, with childhood exposure posing a higher risk than prenatal exposure. Exposure time (during pregnancy and childhood) and the age at outcome measurement are important influencing factors for this association. Diagnostic criteria, race, frequency of antibiotic exposure, and type of antibiotics may also affect this relationship. While the observed statistical significance may be associated with the increased statistical power afforded by the large sample size, the clinical implications of these findings warrant cautious interpretation.

Introduction
Chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, represent a significant burden on global health systems. Health information technology (HIT) offers innovative solutions to improve disease management, patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency. However, the diverse applications and impacts of HIT in chronic disease management are not well understood. The objective of this scoping review is to assess the extent and type of evidence on the role of HIT in enhancing chronic disease management.

Methods and analysis
This protocol outlines a scoping review to assess the extent and nature of the evidence on the role of HIT in managing chronic diseases. The review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. This review will include studies involving adult patients with chronic diseases. The focus will be on various HIT interventions, including electronic health records (EHRs), telehealth services, mobile health (mHealth) applications, remote monitoring devices and health information exchanges (HIEs). Studies conducted in primary care, hospital and community health settings will be considered. Exclusions will include studies focused on paediatric populations or non-digital health interventions. We will include quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies published from January 2013 to December 2024. A comprehensive search will be conducted across PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus and Google Scholar. Reference lists of included studies will be screened for additional sources. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full texts, extract data and resolve discrepancies through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. The study is scheduled to begin in May 2025 and conclude by November 2025, and the process will be documented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. The data will be presented as tables, charts and a narrative summary.

Ethics and dissemination
As this review involves the analysis of publicly available literature, ethical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and engagements with stakeholders involved in chronic disease care and digital health policy. The authors will also explore opportunities to share supplementary materials in open-access repositories to promote transparency and reproducibility.

Introduction
Identifying difficult airways and avoiding unanticipated difficult airways through difficult airway assessment are crucial for patient safety prior to airway management. Therefore, accurately predicting difficult airways through airway assessment is a fundamental and significant technique in airway management by clinicians. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving science with greater data processing ability than humans. AI, given its ever-expanding applications in medical diagnosis and disease prediction, has been employed to predict cases with difficult airways. Nevertheless, the diagnostic performance of AI algorithms for difficult airway assessment remains unclear due to the small sample sizes, insufficient image acquisition standards and poor predictive accuracies. Consequently, this study aims to formulate a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the diagnostic value of AI in assessing difficult airways.

Methods and analysis
English-language databases (Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid Medline and Embase), Chinese electronic databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP and Wanfang ] and clinical trial registry databases will be searched from their inception until January 2025 to identify clinical trials of AI for difficult airway assessment. Sensitivities, specificities, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve, diagnostic likelihood ratios and diagnostic ORs with 95% CIs will be presented as indicators of AI’s diagnostic accuracy in assessing difficult airways. Depending on the level of statistical heterogeneity evaluated by the I-square test, the fixed-effects or random-effects model will be employed. The risk of bias will be evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. Furthermore, the quality of evidence concerning the outcomes will be assessed based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria for diagnostic tests. Heterogeneity will be investigated through sensitivity, meta-regression and subgroup analyses. Additionally, Deeks’ funnel plot asymmetry test will be used to detect publication bias.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not required for this systematic review protocol. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42023462926.