Risultati per: L’eparina inibisce la proteina spike del virus SARS-Cov-2

New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 389, Issue 18, Page 1722-1724, November 2023.

Background
Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity and the influence of prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection require elucidation.

Methods
Stop the Spread Ottawa is a prospective cohort of individuals at-risk for or who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, initially enrolled for 10 months beginning October 2020. This cohort was enriched for public-facing workers. This analysis focuses on safety and immunogenicity of the initial two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

Results
Post-vaccination data with blood specimens were available for 930 participants. 22.8% were SARS-CoV2 infected prior to the first vaccine dose. Cohort characteristics include: median age 44 (IQR: 22–56), 66.6% women, 89.0% white, 83.2% employed. 38.1% reported two or more comorbidities and 30.8% reported immune compromising condition(s). Over 95% had detectable IgG levels against the spike and receptor binding domain (RBD) 3 months post second vaccine dose. By multivariable analysis, increasing age and high-level immune compromise predicted diminishing IgG spike and RBD titres at month 3 post second dose. IgG spike and RBD titres were higher immediately post vaccination in those with SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to first vaccination and spike titres were higher at 6 months in those with wider time intervals between dose 1 and 2. IgG spike and RBD titres and neutralisation were generally similar by sex, weight and whether receiving homogeneous or heterogeneous combinations of vaccines. Common symptoms post dose 1 vaccine included fatigue (64.7%), injection site pain (47.5%), headache (27.2%), fever/chills (26.2%) and body aches (25.3%). These symptoms were similar with subsequent doses.

Conclusion
The initial two COVID-19 vaccine doses are safe, well-tolerated and highly immunogenic across a broad spectrum of vaccine recipients including those working in public facing environments.

E’ l’endotelina, studi anche per calvizie e insonnia

The antiviral drug molnupiravir was linked with a pattern of genomic changes in SARS-CoV-2, based on an analysis in Nature of more than 15 million global sequences.

Efficacia del 67% nell’anno successivo a quello di vaccinazione

In Reply We agree with Dr Batra and colleagues that different manifestations of long COVID may arise due to different underlying pathological mechanisms of disease, which may be related to whether an individual was hospitalized during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, we disagree that stratification by hospitalization status was needed to ensure the validity of the approach we used in our study.

To the Editor A recent study developed a data-driven scoring framework to classify postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). As stated in the accompanying Editorial, prior to developing a case definition, it is important to determine whether PASC is a single entity or multiple entities. Particularly, severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring admission to the intensive care unit may lead to specific organ dysfunction and injury, including impaired cognitive function across multiple domains. Such dysfunction, consistent with the well-described post–intensive care syndrome, should be disentangled from PASC.

New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 389, Issue 15, Page 1444-1444, October 2023.

New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 389, Issue 15, Page 1441-1442, October 2023.

Objectives
Infections by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) might affect children and adolescents differently than earlier viral lineages. We aimed to address five questions about SARS-CoV-2 VOC infections in children and adolescents: (1) symptoms and severity, (2) risk factors for severe disease, (3) the risk of infection, (4) the risk of transmission and (5) long-term consequences following a VOC infection.

Design
Systematic review.

Data sources
The COVID-19 Open Access Project database was searched up to 1 March 2022 and PubMed was searched up to 9 May 2022.

Eligibility criteria
We included observational studies about Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron VOCs among ≤18-year-olds. We included studies in English, German, French, Greek, Italian, Spanish and Turkish.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers extracted and verified the data and assessed the risk of bias. We descriptively synthesised the data and assessed the risks of bias at the outcome level.

Results
We included 53 articles. Most children with any VOC infection presented with mild disease, with more severe disease being described with the Delta or the Gamma VOC. Diabetes and obesity were reported as risk factors for severe disease during the whole pandemic period. The risk of becoming infected with a SARS-CoV-2 VOC seemed to increase with age, while in daycare settings the risk of onward transmission of VOCs was higher for younger than older children or partially vaccinated adults. Long-term symptoms following an infection with a VOC were described in

This Medical News article discusses recent US data on West Nile virus disease.

Introduction
People who are immunocompromised have a poor biological response to vaccinations. This study aims to determine in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) if a 3-week pause in Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (BTKi) starting 1 week before delivery of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster, improves vaccine immune response when compared with continuation of BTKi.

Methods and analysis
An open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial will be conducted in haematology clinics in approximately 10 UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals. The sample size is 120, randomised 1:1 to intervention and usual care arms. The primary outcome is anti-spike-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody level at 3 weeks post-SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination. Secondary outcomes are RBD antibody levels at 12 weeks postbooster vaccination, participant global assessments of disease activity, blood films, full blood count and lactate dehydrogenase levels, impact on quality of life, self-reported adherence with request to temporarily pause or continue BTKi, T cell response against spike protein and relative neutralising antibody titre against SARS-CoV-2 viral variants. Additionally, there will be an investigation of any effects in those given influenza vaccination contemporaneously versus COVID-19 alone.
The primary analysis will be performed on the as randomised groups (‘intention to treat’). The difference between the study arms in anti-spike-RBD antibody level will be estimated using a mixed effects regression model, allowing for repeated measures clustered within participants. The model will be adjusted for randomisation factor (first line or subsequent line of therapy), and prior infection status obtained from prerandomisation antinucleocapsid antibodies as fixed effects.

Ethics and dissemination
This study has been approved by Leeds East Research Ethics Committee and Health Research Authority (REC Reference:22/YH/0226, IRAS ID: 319057). Dissemination will be via peer-review publications, newsletters and conferences. Results will be communicated to participants, the CLL patient and clinical communities and health policy-makers.

Trial registration number
ISRCTN14197181.

L’India sta adottando misure urgenti per fermare la trasmissione di un virus raro ma mortale che si diffonde dai pipistrelli agli esseri umani

Pregliasco: “Avrà media intensità, vaccinare anziani e fragili”

Pregliasco: “avrà media intensità, vaccinare anziani e fragili”

This longitudinal study of young children in 5 European countries investigates whether there is a temporal association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and islet autoimmunity when children are most susceptible.