Objective
To clarify whether the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/C reactive protein (HDL-C/CRP) ratio can be used as a new prognosticator of all-cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) (New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac class III/IV).
Design
Retrospective study.
Background
Several papers have revealed that HDL-C and CRP can act as anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory factors, respectively, to affect disease progression in patients with heart failure, and the balance of the two has been shown to affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but none of the above studies involved patients with the more severe forms of heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; therefore, the present study is to extend the balance of HDL-C and CRP to the whole range of types of patients CHF to further confirm its importance.
Setting
This study is from a single centre in Yunnan Province, China.
Participants
After excluding ineligible patients, we finally included 1192 patients with CHF from January 2017 to October 2021.
Primary and secondary measures
The primary outcome was all-cause mortality in patients with CHF between January 2017 and October 2021. No secondary outcome measures were performed.
Results
All patients were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of the HDL-C/CRP ratio. Using the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the risk of all-cause mortality was always the highest for Q1 (HDL-C/CRP
