Risultati per: Trattamento domiciliare di un paziente positivo al virus SARS-Cov-2

Objective
The purpose of the study is to compare the prevalence and associated risk factors of smell and/or taste disorders depending on different virus strains in Hiroshima, Japan.

Design
A cross-sectional design was used.

Setting and participants
Data were collected for all COVID-19-confirmed inpatients admitted to 27 hospitals in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan, between 8 April 2020 and 31 January 2023.

Main outcome measures
Smell and/or taste disorders were indicated by physicians on Hiroshima prefecture COVID-19 version J-SPEED forms completed at discharge.

Results
The COVID-19 data from this period corresponds to the following four strains: Wild-dominant, Alpha-dominant, Delta-dominant and Omicron-dominant. A total of 11 353 confirmed cases were analysed and 1261 cases (11.11%) were reported for smell and/or taste disorders.
Among patients with Wild-dominant, 241 out of 1141 cases (21.12%) exhibited smell and/or taste disorders. For Alpha, 223 out of 1265 cases (17.63%), for Delta, 480 out of 1516 cases (31.66%) and for Omicron, 317 out of 7431 cases (4.27%) presented with smell and/or taste disorders. For all four variants, age

Anziano con infezione polmonare, evitati rischi da anestesia

Palamara (Iss), ‘il virus va ancora monitorato anche senza emergenza’

Report Gimbe, nel 2022 è stato di oltre 26 milioni di euro

Car-T da donatore contro neuroblastoma che non risponde a cure

Car-T da donatore contro neuroblastoma che non risponde a cure

Objectives
This study aims to characterise the diversity of post-COVID-19 physical and mental health outcomes, known as the post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), and the determining factors 3–6 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Design
This is a prospective cohort study.

Setting
This study took place at the European Hospital of Marseille, France.

Participants
Participants include patients with acute COVID-19 treated as inpatients or outpatients.

Interventions
Interventions include face-to-face assessment of physical and mental health symptoms.

Main outcome measures
Main outcome measures include symptom scores and scales, as well as paraclinical elements (thoracic CT scan, pulmonary functional tests). Multiple component analysis was used to identify clinical phenotypic clusters of PCC patients, as well as their initial comorbidity groups. A multinomial regression model was used to evaluate the association between the initial comorbidities and disease severity with PCC phenotype.

Results
A total of 210 patients agreed to participate, of which 157 (75%) reported at least one symptom at the 3–6 months visit; mostly asthenia, dyspnoea, psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and cognitive disorders. Four PCC clusters were recognised: (1) paucisymptomatic PCC (n=82, 39%); (2) physical sequelae PCC (n=39, 18.6%), (3) pre-existing pulmonary comorbidities PCC (n=29, 13.8%); and (4) functional somatic and/or mental symptoms PCC (n=60, 28.6%). In addition to their PCC symptoms, the patients in these clusters differed in terms of their demographic characteristics (sex), comorbidities and severity of COVID-19.

Conclusions
The four identified PCC clusters corresponded to distinct and coherent clinical and paraclinical entities, making it possible to consider adapted and personalised prognosis and therapeutic interventions.

This Medical News article discusses the emerging Oropouche virus, which recently has been associated with deaths and vertical transmission in the Americas.

Introduction
Persistent oral infections with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are a potential cause of most oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs). Oral HR-HPV infection and persistence are significantly higher in people living with HIV (PLWH). Most data on oral HR-HPV in PLWH come from developed countries or adult cohorts. This study aims to investigate oral HR-HPV susceptibility and persistence among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) and to understand the roles of perinatal HIV exposure, infection, antiretroviral treatment, and the oral microbiome.

Methods and analysis
This prospective cohort study is ongoing at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Nigeria, involving mother-child pairs followed at 6-month intervals for 2 years. Participants include children aged 9–18 and their mothers aged 18 and above. The study targets 690 adolescents in three groups: 230 CALHIV, 230 HIV-exposed but uninfected and 230 HIV-unexposed and uninfected. Oral rinse, saliva, buccal swabs and supragingival plaque samples are collected at each visit. Blood samples are tested for HIV, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV), with CD4, CD8 and full blood counts performed. Oral HPV is assessed for incidence, persistence, and clearance. Statistical analyses to look for associations between cohort baseline characteristics and findings will be conducted using univariable and multivariable models for repeated data and high-dimensional microbiome data. All statistical tests will be two-sided; a p value

Background
Enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), remain notable threats to public health. However, stable and reliable animal models of HAV and HEV infection are lacking.

Objective
This study aimed to establish HAV and HEV infections in multiple small animals by intravenously injecting lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated full-length viral RNAs (LNP-vRNA).

Design
In vitro transcribed and capped full-length HAV RNA was encapsulated into LNP and was intravenously inoculated to Ifnar–/– mice, and HEV RNA to rabbits and gerbils. Virological parameters were determined by RT-qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Liver histopathological changes were analysed by H&E staining. Antiviral drug and vaccine efficacy were further evaluated by using the LNP-vRNA-based animal model.

Results
On intravenous injection of LNP-vRNA, stable viral shedding was detected in the faeces and infectious HAV or HEV was recovered from the livers of the inoculated animals. Liver damage was observed in LNP-vRNA (HAV)-injected mice and LNP-vRNA (HEV)-injected rabbits. Mongolian gerbils were also susceptible to LNP-vRNA (HEV) injections. Finally, the antiviral countermeasures and in vivo function of HEV genome deletions were validated in the LNP-vRNA-based animal model.

Conclusion
This stable and standardised LNP-vRNA-based animal model provides a powerful platform to investigate the pathogenesis and evaluate countermeasures for enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses and can be further expanded to other viruses that are not easily cultured in vitro or in vivo.

Objective
The aim of this analysis was to describe the epidemiology, demographics and characteristics of children and young people (CYP) who died of SARS-CoV-2 infection in England during the first 2 years of the pandemic.

Design
The cohort investigated in this study is all CYP, born alive at, or after, 22 weeks of gestation, who died before their 18th birthday between 1 February 2020 and 31 March 2022 in England. All cases were reviewed to identify if SARS-CoV-2 probably, or possibly, contributed to death. Mortality rates were calculated, assuming a Poisson distribution, for the whole population, and split by demographics and patient characteristics.

Setting
England.

Participants
6389 CYP deaths in England reported to the National Child Mortality Database (NCMD).

Main outcome
Risk of death.

Results
88 of the 6389 deaths of CYP were identified as deaths probably due to COVID-19. Thus, COVID-19 was responsible for 1.4% of all deaths of CYP in this 26-month period. Overall mortality rate due to COVID-19 in CYP was 3.59 (2.88–4.42) per 1 000 000 person years, being highest in the youngest (< 5 years; 4.68 (3.16–6.68)) and oldest (16/17 years; 4.83 (2.57–8.26)) CYP. Asian and Black CYP had higher mortality than those from white backgrounds (p

Iniziativa presa dall’Unità operativa di Oncologia del profili

This noninferiority randomized clinical trial investigates whether administering tenofovir to pregnant individuals with hepatitis B virus beginning at gestational week 16 is noninferior to administering tenofovir beginning at gestational week 28 in preventing mother-to-child transmission.

Circulation, Volume 151, Issue 5, Page e35-e36, February 4, 2025.

Circulation, Volume 151, Issue 5, Page e33-e34, February 4, 2025.