Risultati per: Report aggiornato sulla qualità dell’aria in Europa (2015)

Varianti sono già presenti in Ue e popolazione ha alta immunità

This Medical News article discusses an annual report on measles from the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Objective
This scoping review of reviews aims to describe the current landscape of measures of emotional well-being (EWB).

Methods
Following established practices for scoping reviews, we searched the PsycInfo, ERIC, Scopus and PubMed databases in June and July 2021 for reviews of measures of EWB that described their review methods and psychometric properties of included measures. From each eligible article, two coders independently extracted the authors’ (1) definition of EWB, (2) purpose for the review, (3) methods (eg, search terms, inclusion and exclusion criteria), (4) identified measures (including any noted adaptations) and (5) the scope of psychometric information presented. Descriptive and content analyses were used to examine data.

Results
Forty-nine reviews were included in this scoping review. Reviews included anywhere between 1 and 34 measures of EWB and 135 unique EWB measures were captured across all reviews. We found that there was no consistent definition of EWB, identified measures varied widely and reviews were published in a range of disciplines. Psychometric evidence varied as did authors’ purposes for conducting the reviews.

Conclusions
Overall, these reviews suggest that literature on EWB measurement is disjointed and diffuse. Conceptual integration and harmonisation of measures is needed to advance knowledge of EWB and its measurement.

Trial registration numbers
10.17605/OSF.IO/BQDS7 and 10.17605/OSF.IO/WV8PF.

The US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) published a report highlighting the experiences of patients with long COVID. Between 5% and 30% of people who had COVID-19 may develop long COVID conditions, and about 1 million individuals aren’t in the workforce “at any given time” because of related symptoms, according to an HHS statement. It also notes that researchers have documented more than 50 long COVID conditions that affect nearly all organ systems.

Largely driven by COVID-19, vaccine doses distributed worldwide jumped to 16 billion in 2021, nearly 3 times the 5.8 billion in 2019, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2022 Global Vaccine Market Report. However, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often received proportionally less vaccine than high-income countries (HICs), and non-COVID vaccine use dropped for children in many areas.

Oms, cancro tra principali cause di morte correlata all’alcol

This cross-sectional study estimates all US Food and Drug Administration anticancer approvals in recent years and evaluates if an association exists between their cost and efficacy.

Objective
The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (UT2D) among adults (aged 18 years and older) in Iraq.

Design
Cross-sectional, population-based study.

Setting
Nationally representative sample of general community-dwelling adult population in Iraq from the 2015 Iraq STEPS survey.

Participants
The sample included 3853 adults (mean age 41.8 years, SD=15.8), with complete fasting blood glucose values, from the 2015 Iraq STEPS survey.

Outcome measures
Data collection included: (1) social and behavioural information, (2) physical parameters and blood pressure measurements and (3) biochemical measurements. UT2D was classified as not being diagnosed with T2D and fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL. Multivariable multinomial and logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with UT2D.

Results
The prevalence of UT2D was 8.1% and the prevalence of diagnosed T2D (DT2D) was 8.9%. Participants aged 50 years and older (adjusted relative risk ratio (ARRR): 2.11, 95% CI 1.30 to 3.43) and those with high cholesterol (ARRR: 1.54, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.24) had a higher risk of UT2D. Older age (≥50 years) (ARRR: 17.90, 95% CI 8.42 to 38.06), receipt of healthcare advice (ARRR: 2.15, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.96), history of cholesterol testing (ARRR: 2.17, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.99), stroke or heart attack (ARRR: 1.81, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.92), and high cholesterol (ARRR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.06) were positively associated with DT2D, and high physical activity (ARRR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.84) was negatively associated with DT2D. Higher than primary education (adjusted OR (AOR): 2.02, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.37) was positively associated with UT2D versus DT2D, while older age (≥50 years) (AOR: 0.12, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.25), healthcare advice (AOR: 0.45, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.70), and history of cholesterol screening (AOR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.58) were inversely associated with UT2D versus DT2D.

Conclusion
Almost one in ten adults in Iraq had UT2D, and various associated factors were identified that could be useful in planning interventions.

Three-quarters of US adolescents reported at least 1 adverse experience, such as abuse, neglect, witnessing violence, or having a family member attempt or die by suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a CDC report. Youths reporting multiple adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs, were substantially more likely to report poor current mental health or a past-year suicide attempt than those without these experiences.

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Daoust R, Paquet J, Williamson D, et al. Accuracy of a self-report prescription opioid use diary for patients discharge from the emergency department with acute pain: a multicentre prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022;12:e062984. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2022-062984
This article has been corrected since it was published online. A collaborator group “On behalf of the OPUM research group” has been added to the author byline.

This systematic review to support the 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for OSA in asymptomatic adults and use of positive airway pressure and mandibular advancement devices for treatment of OSA.

Attesa a breve decisione Commissione Europea

Lo rende noto l’Organizzazione mondiale della Sanità

Circulation, Ahead of Print. Aim:The “2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease” provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate.Structure:Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.

Objectives
This study aims to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pre-diabetes as well as to identify its associated factors among Mongolians living in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting and participants
This sample included 11 361 Mongolian participants from the Inner Mongolian Healthy Aging Intervention Study, a population-based screening project consisting of 141 255 adults aged above 35 years in Inner Mongolia from 2015 to 31 December 2020.

Outcome measures
The prevalence and 95% CIs of T2D and pre-diabetes were calculated. Factors associated with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of T2D were explored by a binomial logistic regression.

Results
A total of 17.2% (95% CI 16.5% to 17.9%) of the sample had T2D, of whom 34.0% (95% CI 31.9% to 36.1%) were aware of their diagnosis, 24.7% (95% CI 22.8% to 26.6%) were taking prescribed antidiabetic medications, 6.7% (95% CI 5.6% to 7.8%) had achieved control and 27.5% (95 % CI 26.7% to 28.3%) had pre-diabetes. The prevalence of T2D increased with increasing age, male, lower education level, smoking, obesity and a history of hypertension or dyslipidaemia (all p