Risultati per: Report aggiornato sulla qualità dell’aria in Europa (2015)

Stroke, Volume 54, Issue Suppl_1, Page A47-A47, February 1, 2023. Background:Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) demonstrated superiority to medical management in the 2015 trials. We sought to compare outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with EVT before and after 2015.Methods:A query of the 2000-2019 National Inpatient Sample was performed for patients admitted with AIS (ICD9 433, 43401, 43411, 43491, ICD-10 I63). Demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes were identified. Univariate analysis with t-tests or chi-square performed as appropriate. A 1:1 nearest neighbor propensity score matched cohort was generated. Variables with standardized mean differences >0.1 used in multivariate regression to generate adjusted odds ratios (AOR)/β-coefficients for EVT on outcomes. Significance set at an alpha level of

Stroke, Volume 54, Issue Suppl_1, Page ATMP106-ATMP106, February 1, 2023. Background:Monitoring changes in ischemic stroke severity at the population level is important as changes in risk factors and clinical treatments could influence stroke severity. We describe trends in the distribution of NIHSS across 3 time periods in a population-based epidemiologic stroke study.Methods:In 2005, 2010, and 2015 all adult acute ischemic strokes occurring within the Greater Cincinnati area presenting to 15 hospitals were ascertained using discharge codes (ICD-9 433-436; IDC-10 I63-I68, G45-46). Following physician verification, confirmed ischemic stroke cases underwent chart abstraction including estimation of a retrospective (rNIHSS) score at presentation. Descriptive statistics (rNIHSS median, IQR) were generated by survey year, demographics, and medical history. Using a binary definition of stroke severity (median rNIHSS score &gt 4 versus &lt 4), multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate changes in stroke severity over time, adjusting for potential confounders. Random effects were used to account for multiple admissions occurring in the same subject.Results:The number of ischemic stroke admissions in the 2005, 2010, and 2015 surveys was 1778, 1903, and 1933, respectively (Table). The median (IQR) rNIHSS scores were 3 (2-7), 3 (1-6), and 2 (1-6) across the 3 surveys, respectively; the proportion of admissions with rNIHSS &gt 4 was 48%, 39% and 37%, respectively. After adjusting for demographics, medical history and pre-stroke function, compared to 2005, the odds ratio for more severe stroke was 0.69 (95% CI= 0.60-0.79, p=0.001) in 2010 and 0.63 (95% CI= 0.55-0.73, p=0.001) in 2015.Conclusions:In this population- based study there was a statistically significant change in the severity of ischemic stroke hospitalizations with increases in the proportion of milder strokes over time. Potential reasons for this change need to be explored but could include changes in risk factors, clinical treatments or diagnostic approach.

330 e 34.742. In Giappone record contagi settimanali, 672.500

Circulation, Ahead of Print. BACKGROUND:The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).METHODS:The American Heart Association, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2023 Statistical Update is the product of a full year’s worth of effort in 2022 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. The American Heart Association strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year’s edition includes additional COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) publications, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains.RESULTS:Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics.CONCLUSIONS:The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

Introduction
Digital technologies present tremendous opportunities for enabling long-term measurement of mental health in the general population. Emerging studies have established preliminary efficacy of collecting self-report data digitally. However, a key challenge when developing a new self-report instrument is navigating the abundance of existing instruments to select relevant constructs for measurements. This review is a precursor to developing a novel future integrated digital instrument for repeated measurements. We interrogate the literature as the first step towards optimal measurement of the multifaceted mental health concept, in the context of digital repeated measurement. This review aims to identify (1) digital self-report instruments administered repeatedly to measure the mental health of the general adult population; (2) their structure and format; (3) their psychometric properties; (4) their usage in empirical studies; and (5) the constructs these instruments were designed to measure (as characterised in the original publication), and the constructs the instruments have been used to measure in the identified empirical studies.

Methods and analysis
Five major electronic databases will be searched. Studies administering mental health instruments (in English) repeatedly to community dwellers in the general adult population are eligible. A reviewer will preliminarily screen for eligible studies. Then, two reviewers will independently screen the full text of the eligible articles and extract data. Both reviewers will resolve any disagreement through discussion or with a third reviewer. After the data extraction, a reviewer will manually search for the structure, format, psychometric properties and the original constructs these instruments were developed to measure. This review will synthesise the results in a narrative approach. The reporting in this review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not required as no data will be collected. Findings of the systematic review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42022306547

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Cholera cases and cholera-associated deaths jumped globally in 2022 following years of decline, marking a resurgence of the ongoing seventh cholera pandemic, which began in 1961, according to a World Health Organization (WHO) report.

Kluge: ‘ Nessuna minaccia imminente, varianti circolanti già viste in Ue e altrove, casi Kraken in numero piccolo ma crescente’

Varianti sono già presenti in Ue e popolazione ha alta immunità

This Medical News article discusses an annual report on measles from the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Objective
This scoping review of reviews aims to describe the current landscape of measures of emotional well-being (EWB).

Methods
Following established practices for scoping reviews, we searched the PsycInfo, ERIC, Scopus and PubMed databases in June and July 2021 for reviews of measures of EWB that described their review methods and psychometric properties of included measures. From each eligible article, two coders independently extracted the authors’ (1) definition of EWB, (2) purpose for the review, (3) methods (eg, search terms, inclusion and exclusion criteria), (4) identified measures (including any noted adaptations) and (5) the scope of psychometric information presented. Descriptive and content analyses were used to examine data.

Results
Forty-nine reviews were included in this scoping review. Reviews included anywhere between 1 and 34 measures of EWB and 135 unique EWB measures were captured across all reviews. We found that there was no consistent definition of EWB, identified measures varied widely and reviews were published in a range of disciplines. Psychometric evidence varied as did authors’ purposes for conducting the reviews.

Conclusions
Overall, these reviews suggest that literature on EWB measurement is disjointed and diffuse. Conceptual integration and harmonisation of measures is needed to advance knowledge of EWB and its measurement.

Trial registration numbers
10.17605/OSF.IO/BQDS7 and 10.17605/OSF.IO/WV8PF.

The US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) published a report highlighting the experiences of patients with long COVID. Between 5% and 30% of people who had COVID-19 may develop long COVID conditions, and about 1 million individuals aren’t in the workforce “at any given time” because of related symptoms, according to an HHS statement. It also notes that researchers have documented more than 50 long COVID conditions that affect nearly all organ systems.

Largely driven by COVID-19, vaccine doses distributed worldwide jumped to 16 billion in 2021, nearly 3 times the 5.8 billion in 2019, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2022 Global Vaccine Market Report. However, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often received proportionally less vaccine than high-income countries (HICs), and non-COVID vaccine use dropped for children in many areas.

Oms, cancro tra principali cause di morte correlata all’alcol

This cross-sectional study estimates all US Food and Drug Administration anticancer approvals in recent years and evaluates if an association exists between their cost and efficacy.

Objective
The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (UT2D) among adults (aged 18 years and older) in Iraq.

Design
Cross-sectional, population-based study.

Setting
Nationally representative sample of general community-dwelling adult population in Iraq from the 2015 Iraq STEPS survey.

Participants
The sample included 3853 adults (mean age 41.8 years, SD=15.8), with complete fasting blood glucose values, from the 2015 Iraq STEPS survey.

Outcome measures
Data collection included: (1) social and behavioural information, (2) physical parameters and blood pressure measurements and (3) biochemical measurements. UT2D was classified as not being diagnosed with T2D and fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL. Multivariable multinomial and logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with UT2D.

Results
The prevalence of UT2D was 8.1% and the prevalence of diagnosed T2D (DT2D) was 8.9%. Participants aged 50 years and older (adjusted relative risk ratio (ARRR): 2.11, 95% CI 1.30 to 3.43) and those with high cholesterol (ARRR: 1.54, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.24) had a higher risk of UT2D. Older age (≥50 years) (ARRR: 17.90, 95% CI 8.42 to 38.06), receipt of healthcare advice (ARRR: 2.15, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.96), history of cholesterol testing (ARRR: 2.17, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.99), stroke or heart attack (ARRR: 1.81, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.92), and high cholesterol (ARRR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.06) were positively associated with DT2D, and high physical activity (ARRR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.84) was negatively associated with DT2D. Higher than primary education (adjusted OR (AOR): 2.02, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.37) was positively associated with UT2D versus DT2D, while older age (≥50 years) (AOR: 0.12, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.25), healthcare advice (AOR: 0.45, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.70), and history of cholesterol screening (AOR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.58) were inversely associated with UT2D versus DT2D.

Conclusion
Almost one in ten adults in Iraq had UT2D, and various associated factors were identified that could be useful in planning interventions.