Search Results for: Gestione della malattia di Crohn

L’idrosadenite suppurativa è una malattia cutanea cronica e infiammatoria che interessa i follicoli piliferi. Si presenta con noduli infiammatori profondi e dolorosi, ascessi, tunnel drenanti (draining tunnels, DTs) e cicatrici, localizzati tipicamente in aree intertriginose del corpo1. Bimekizumab (BKZ), anticorpo monoclonale umanizzato diretto contro le interleuchine IL-17A e IL-17F, ha mostrato risultati promettenti nel trattamento dell’HS. I dati dello studio di estensione in aperto BE HEARD EXT, presentati durante la XIV edizione dell’International Congress of Dermatology confermano un miglioramento clinicamente rilevante delle lesioni e dei tunnel drenanti mantenuto fino a due anni.2

La gestione dell’infezione da HIV ha fatto enormi progressi, portando oggi la maggior parte delle persone con HIV in trattamento a raggiungere e mantenere una viremia non rilevabile. Tuttavia, l’efficacia della terapia antiretrovirale (ART) non è più il solo parametro da considerare: l’ottimizzazione della terapia è diventata fondamentale per garantire che il trattamento sia ben tollerato, sostenibile e adattato alle esigenze individuali, migliorando così l’aderenza e la qualità di vita del soggetto, in una prospettiva di successo a lungo termine.

L’eczema cronico delle mani rappresenta una sfida significativa sia clinica che sociale, e la sua gestione non può prescindere da una solida conoscenza epidemiologica. Affrontare l’argomento dal punto di vista epidemiologico è fondamentale per molteplici ragioni, che vanno ben oltre la semplice descrizione clinica. E’ stato questo il tema della relazione della Dott.ssa Emanuela Martina, Specialista in Dermatologia e Venereologia, SOD Clinica di Dermatologia, AOU delle Marche, Ancona, in occasione della Special Edition del congresso SIDeMaST-ADOI che si è svolto in parallelo alla prima giornata del XIV International Congress of Dermatology.

Nelle pazienti con carcinoma mammario metastatico, una nuova terapia ormonale mirata, elacestrant, ha ridotto il rischio di progressione o morte del 45%. L’Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA) ha approvato la rimborsabilità di elacestrant per il trattamento di donne in postmenopausa, e di uomini, con carcinoma mammario localmente avanzato o metastatico positivo per i recettori degli estrogeni (ER+) e negativo per la proteina HER2 (HER2-), con una mutazione attivante del gene ESR1, che mostrano progressione della malattia in seguito ad almeno una linea di terapia endocrina comprendente un inibitore delle cicline CDK 4/6.

In Italia, il carcinoma della prostata rappresenta la neoplasia più diffusa tra gli uomini over 50, incidendo per circa il 30% su tutti i tumori maschili, con 40.192 nuovi casi stimati solo nel 2024. È stata presentata oggi, in Senato la campagna di sensibilizzazione ‘Allo Specchio della Salute – uno spazio di confronto sul carcinoma prostatico’, pensata per coinvolgere l’intera comunità nel dibattito intorno alla gestione e cura di questa patologia. Un’intera giornata dedicata al carcinoma della prostata suddivisa in due appuntamenti sinergici e xomplementari: la conferenza stampa seguita dalla campagna di awareness.

A Palidoro, struttura continuerà a offrire accoglienza famiglie

We read with interest the Australian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consensus statements for pregnancy by Laube et al, which highlights that patients with IBD in the active stage have reduced fertility with unclear reasons.1 IBD, encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), involves gut microbiota and metabolites as key players in its development.2 A recent study revealed ovarian impairment in CD, while polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of ovarian dysfunction and infertility in women.3 4 Mounting evidence supported an association between gut microbiota and ovarian function,5 and our recent work revealed that gut microbiota was involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS.6 7 Therefore, we speculated that IBD may induce PCOS by disrupting gut microbiota, leading to alterations in plasma metabolites. Initially, we performed a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis based on…

Background
The gut microbiome and diet are important factors in the pathogenesis and management of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the role of the gut phageome under dietary influences is unknown.

Objective
We aim to explore the effect of diet on the gut phageome-bacteriome interaction linking to CD protection.

Design
We recruited CD patients and healthy subjects (n=140) and conducted a multiomics investigation, including paired ileal mucosa phageome and bacteriome profiling, dietary survey and phenome interrogation. We screened for the effect of diet on the gut phageome and bacteriome, as well as its epidemiological association with CD risks. The underlying mechanisms were explored in target phage-bacteria monocultures and cocultures in vitro and in two mouse models in vivo.

Results
On dietary screening in humans, whey protein (WP) consumption was found to profoundly impact the gut phageome and bacteriome (more pronounced on the phageome) and was associated with a lower CD risk. Indeed, the WP reshaped gut phageome can causally attenuate intestinal inflammation, as shown by faecal phageome versus bacteriome transplantation from WP-consuming versus WP-non-consuming mice to recipient mice. Mechanistically, WP induced phage (a newly isolated phage AkkZT003P herein) lysis of the mucin-foraging bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila, which unleashed the symbiotic bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus to counteract intestinal inflammation.

Conclusion
Our study charted the importance of cross-kingdom interaction between gut phage and bacteria in mediating the dietary effect on CD protection. Importantly, we uncovered a beneficial dietary WP, a keystone phage AkkZT003P, and a probiotic S. thermophilus that can be used in CD management in the future.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are chronic conditions characterised by inflammation of the intestinal tract. Alterations in virtually all intestinal cell types, including immune, epithelial and stromal cells, have been described in these diseases. The study of IBD has historically relied on bulk transcriptomics, but this method averages signals across diverse cell types, limiting insights. Single-cell omic technologies overcome the intrinsic limitations of bulk analysis and reveal the complexity of multicellular tissues at a cell-by-cell resolution. Within healthy and inflamed intestinal tissues, single-cell omics, particularly single-cell RNA sequencing, have contributed to uncovering novel cell types and cell functions linked to disease activity or the development of complications. Collectively, these results help identify therapeutic targets in difficult-to-treat complications such as fibrostenosis, creeping fat accumulation, perianal fistulae or inflammation of the pouch. More recently, single-cell omics have gradually been adopted in studies to understand therapeutic responses, identify mechanisms of drug failure and potentially develop predictors with clinical utility. Although these are early days, such studies lay the groundwork for the implementation in clinical practice of new technologies in diagnostics, monitoring and prediction of disease prognosis. With this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive survey of the studies that have applied single-cell omics to the study of UC or CD, and offer our perspective on the main findings these studies contribute. Finally, we discuss the limitations and potential benefits that the integration of single-cell omics into clinical practice and drug development could offer.

Methodological issues in HRQoL measurement, including the need for larger sample sizes, standardized reporting, and uniform participant characteristics, contribute to the low methodological quality of current evidence on the impact of biological agents on HRQoL in CD. There is a large unmet need to investigate the association between clinical outcomes and HRQoL outcomes more thoroughly.

Via libera ad una nuova molecola dal comitato Ema, si riduce la progressione della malattia