Risultati per: Nelle donne lo stress danneggia la salute dell’intestino

Analisi di Fem coordinata da University College Cork

Analisi di Fem coordinata da University College Cork

Un libro edito da Erickson racconta l’esperienza sul terreno del dottor Renzo De Stefani

Introduction
Previous studies indicate that computerised trainings implementing cognitive bias modification (CBM) for interpretation bias might be promising treatments for trauma-related cognitive distortions and symptoms. However, results are mixed, which might be related to the implemented task (sentence completion task), setting, or training duration. Within the present study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an app-based intervention for interpretation bias using standardised imagery audio scripts, which is designed as a standalone treatment.

Methods and analysis
The study is a randomised controlled trial, implementing two parallel arms. 130 patients diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) will be allocated to either the intervention group or the waiting-list control group receiving treatment as usual. The intervention consists of 3 weeks of an app-based CBM training for interpretation bias using mental imagery, with three training sessions (20 min) per week. Two months after the last training session, 1 week of booster CBM treatment will be implemented, consisting of three additional training sessions. Outcome assessments will be conducted pretraining, 1 week post-training, 2 months post-training, as well as 1 week after the booster session (approximately 2.5 months after initial training termination). The primary outcome is interpretation bias. Secondary outcomes include PTSD-related cognitive distortions and symptom severity, as well as negative affectivity. Outcome assessment will be conducted by intention-to-treat analysis, as well as per-protocol analysis using linear mixed models.

Ethics and dissemination
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the State Chamber of Physicians in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany (number of approval: F-2022-080). Scientific findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals informing future clinical studies, which focus on the reduction of PTSD-related symptoms using CBM.

Trial registration number
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00030285; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00030285).

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Introduction
Emergency service workers are routinely exposed to stress and trauma, and there is a need to address mental health symptoms early to prevent chronic impairment and/or psychiatric disorder. Digital health innovations mean that face-to-face psychosocial interventions can now be delivered remotely, which is particularly appealing to populations who have strong preferences for digital delivery, such as emergency service workers. This two phase study aims to first adapt the Skills fOr Life Adjustment and Resilience (SOLAR) programme into a smartphone application (‘app’), and then evaluate the effectiveness of this new app.
Methods and analyses
First, focus groups and codesign activities with mental health professionals and emergency service workers will be conducted to develop and test the prototype smartphone version of SOLAR (ie, SOLAR-m). Second, a multicentre randomised controlled trial will investigate the effectiveness of the new app, compared with an active control app, in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression (primary outcome), as well as other indicators of mental health and work performance. Firefighters from one of the largest urban fire and rescue services in Australia who are currently experiencing distress will be invited to participate. After screening and baseline assessment, 240 will be randomised to receive either SOLAR-m or the control app for 5 weeks, with measurements pre, post and 3-month follow-up. Analyses will be conducted within an intention-to-treat framework using mixed modelling.

Ethics and dissemination
The current trial has received ethics approval from the University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee (2021-20632-18826-5). Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conferences, with a focus on how to expand the new app to other trauma-affected populations if proven effective.

Trial registration number
ANZCTRN12621001141831.

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Objective
This study intended to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia.

Design
This study applied a design of systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Data sources

Eligibility criteria and outcomes
Observational studies examining anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia following COVID-19 pandemic were considered. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of anxiety and stress and the secondary outcomes were factors associated to the prevalence of anxiety and stress.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two authors extracted the data and performed quality assessment independently. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of eligible studies. Random-effect model with the inverse variance method was used to estimate the pooled effect size of the outcome variables with its 95% CI. Publication bias was checked by DOI plot and Luis Furuya Kanamori index. Stata V.14.0 (StataCorp) software was used for statistical analysis.

Results
Thirteen studies were included. From eight studies the pooled prevalence of anxiety was 46% (95% CI 0.30% to 0.61%, 2=0.0497, I2=99.07%, p

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This technology could improve exercise testing and ambulatory monitoring.

Stroke, Volume 54, Issue Suppl_1, Page ATMP32-ATMP32, February 1, 2023. Introduction:CD38 enzymatic activity is the main determinant of the age-dependent decline in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels and the loss of CD38 function has been associated with increased longevity in rodents. Therefore, we hypothesize that the loss of CD38 and its enzymatic function will improve cognitive performance in advanced age through the preservation of NAD+levels and the protection against oxidative stress.Methods:CD38 Knockout (CD38KO) and C57BL/6J (wild type WT) male mice were aged for at least 24 months. The cognitive performance was compared through Barnes maze, Fear conditioning and Y-maze tests. Dihydroethidium (DHE), Diaminofluorescein-2 diacetate (DAF) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAD(P)H staining were used to assess the levels of superoxide, nitric oxide (NO) and NAD(P)H in the brain, respectively.Results:5 WT and 5 CD38KO mice aged (24-30) months were included. While there were no significant differences in fear conditioning and Y-maze tests, CD38KO mice showed better memory performance in Barnes maze test including shorter distance travelled (CD38KO: 2±0.06 vs WT: 3.7±1.1 m, p=0.008), longer time in proximity of the holes (CD38KO: 51.2±11.1 vs WT: 34.6±8.4 s, p=0.027), and shorter distance from the hole (CD38KO: 0.17±0.025 vs WT: 0.23±0.04 m, p=0.038) and less errors (CD38KO: 3.5±2.3 vs WKY: 6±0.7, p=0.04). Brain tissue analysis showed 58% lower superoxide (p

Stroke, Volume 54, Issue Suppl_1, Page A38-A38, February 1, 2023. Background:Our recent study has shown that admission hyperglycemia in stroke patients is associated with red blood cell (RBC) dysregulation, however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In addition to transporting oxygen via hemoglobin, RBCs also carry a robust antioxidant system to remove the reactive oxygen species (ROS) continuously produced from hemoglobin autoxidation (Fig A). It has been reported that in vitro hyperglycemia can increase oxidative stress in RBCs. We thus hypothesize that acute hyperglycemia in stroke patients may also affect the antioxidant system in RBCs.Method:Stroke patients with hyperglycemia and normoglycemia (n=12/group) were prospectively recruited in accordance with IRB protocol. Blood was collected at 2 hr, 24 hr, 72 hr and 3 mon post stroke. RBCs were precipitated from whole blood, and leucocytes were removed with depletion filter. The expression and glycosylation of RBC antioxidants, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and peroxiredoxin 2 (PRX2), were quantified using mass spectrometry-based selected reaction monitoring (SRM) method.Result:CAT, SOD1 and GPX1 showed gradually decreased expression in hyperglycemic stroke patients, which may impair the antioxidant capacity of RBCs (Fig B). The glycosylation level of PRX2 was increased in stroke-related hyperglycemia (Fig C), and increased glycosylation was associated with decreased PRX2 activity (Fig D). Consistent with the expression and glycosylation changes in antioxidants, total RBC antioxidant capacity was reduced in hyperglycemic patients, and ROS was significantly accumulated in RBCs (Fig E).Conclusion:Acute hyperglycemia in stroke patients intensifies RBC oxidative stress by affecting the expression and post-translational modification of RBC antioxidants. Larger studies are underway to verify these findings, and explore how hyperglycemia and RBC oxidative stress influence stroke outcome.