Search Results for: Studio REDUCE-IT e appropriatezza prescrittiva degli acidi grassi omega-3

Objectives
Women with severe mental illness (SMI) face barriers to cervical cancer screening, leading to lower participation and poorer outcomes. This research aimed to develop and test an informed-choice tool to help women with SMI make informed decisions about screening attendance.

Design
The tool was developed using a realist review of physical health interventions and a systematic review of informed-choice tools for people with SMI. A mixed-methods approach informed its development. Usability and acceptability were assessed through semistructured interviews and the think-aloud method with service users (n=18), clinicians (n=16) and key informants. A preliminary proof-of-concept (n=25) evaluated the impact on decisional conflict—the uncertainty around making value-sensitive choices.

Setting and participants
Conducted in two National Health Service (NHS) Mental Health Trusts (urban and rural). Participants included women with SMI accessing secondary mental healthcare, clinicians and service user groups. A key informants’ group guided clinical content.

Intervention
A cervical screening informed-choice leaflet and an accompanying video.

Results
The tool was usable and acceptable, especially for women overdue or never screened. It may reduce decisional conflict and increase screening uptake, potentially improving survival. An National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR)-funded feasibility trial (Improving uptake of cervical screening in people with severe mental illness (OPTMISE)) is underway. The current UK government guidance on Support for people who find it hard to attend cervical screening due to having a mental health condition or having experienced trauma or abuse is based on this research.

Conclusions
Future research may involve further assessments of the real-world impact of the tool and its adaptation to other health-related decisions.

Introduction
Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) remain the WHO-recommended treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, the emergence and spread of artemisinin resistance (ART-R) threatens ACT efficacy. ART-R is phenotypically expressed as delayed parasite clearance, which can facilitate ACT partner drug resistance. ART-R has been causally linked to specific mutations in the Pfkelch13 gene.

Methods and analysis
The systematic review and associated meta-analysis aim to determine the correlation between Pfkelch13 (alleles present in the Kelch13 gene region of the P. falciparum parasite) genotypes and clinical and parasitological response to ACTs from a globally representative data set pooling individual patient data (IPD) from eligible published and unpublished studies. The eligibility criteria include Pfkelch13 genotyping results at baseline complemented by individually linked parasitological and clinical assessments following artemisinin-based treatment. The data will be curated, standardised and analysed using this proposed statistical analysis plan (SAP), adhering to PRISMA-IPD (PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Our SAP will apply hierarchical modelling to assess the effect of the P. falciparum parasite Pfkelch13 mutations on parasite clearance half-life and therapeutic efficacy across different regions. This will include study sites as random effects in the model and potential predictors such as age, sex, baseline parasite load and other potential effect modifiers as fixed effects. This analysis will enhance the understanding of the influence of Pfkelch13 mutations on malaria treatment outcomes.

Ethics and dissemination
Data were obtained with informed consent and ethical approvals from the relevant countries and were pseudonymised before curation in the Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO)/WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) repository. Data ownership remains with contributors. This IPD meta-analysis met the Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee criteria for waiving ethical review, as it is a secondary analysis of existing pseudonymised data. The resulting peer-reviewed publication and conference proceedings will help strengthen and enhance the efficiency of ART-R surveillance and response and support policy decisions.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42019133366.

Introduction
Pain during supragingival scaling is often uncomfortable for patients, causing varying degrees of fear and anxiety, thus affecting patient comfort and compliance during treatment and reducing the effectiveness of treatment. Nitrous oxide/oxygen mixtures have the advantages of analgesic and sedative effects and are well tolerated. The purpose of this study is to explore the safety and effectiveness of a fixed inhaled nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture analgesia technology in the process of supragingival scaling and to provide empirical evidence for patients to reduce pain and reduce anxiety during supragingival scaling.

Methods and analysis
This is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that is expected to enrol 120 patients. We will recruit patients undergoing supragingival scaling procedures. Participants will be allocated randomly to either the intervention group (A) or the control group (B) in a 1:1 ratio. Dental hygienists, dental assistants, patients and the collector of the data will all blind themselves to the study. Nurses who carry out the intervention will give doctors envelopes containing the patient’s identification code and the group to which they have been assigned (Group A or Group B). Group A will be given the standard treatment plus a premixed combination of nitrous oxide and oxygen, while Group B will receive oxygen alone in the standard treatment without any sedative analgesics, all under uniform conditions. Evaluations will take place prior to treatment (T0), at 5 min into the intervention (T1), at 15 min during the intervention (T2) and 5 min following the treatment (T3). The primary outcomes will be pain scores and anxiety scores, which will be assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale and the Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety. Secondary outcome indicators in this study will include patients’ vital signs, side effects and physician and patient satisfaction.

Ethics and dissemination
This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the 960th Logistics Support Force of the People’s Liberation Army. Written informed consent form will be obtained from each participant. Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number
ChiCTR2400090261.

Protocol version
Protocol version 1.1.

Negli adolescenti con diabete di tipo 1, l’aggiunta all’insulina dell’SGLT2 inibitore dapagliflozin a basso dosaggio ha migliorato la funzionalità renale e il controllo glicemico, secondo quanto rilevato dallo studio clinico ATTEMPT presentato al congresso 2025 dell’American Diabetes Association (ADA).

Uno studio pubblicato su BMC Gastroenterology ha evidenziato che nei pazienti con epatite C cronica (CHC), genotipo 3a, età, cirrosi, ipertensione e insulino-resistenza e altri fattori indipendenti sono associati allo sviluppo di diabete di tipo 2 (T2DM). Interventi precoci nei pazienti a rischio possono migliorare la prognosi e ridurre le complicanze gravi.

In two large studies, lamotrigine and levetiracetam had similar risk. It’s time to reconsider lamotrigine’s warning label.

This study provides exploratory insights into the complex impact of prematurity on mental health in adulthood, highlighting the vulnerability of the extremely preterm group (≤28 weeks) from a multi-informant, lifespan perspective. It emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and psychosocial support for those born extremely preterm, from infancy through adulthood, to mitigate potential adverse mental health outcomes.