Risultati per: Come il corpo usa il grasso per combattere le infezioni

Introduction
It is unclear how mis- and disinformation regarding healthcare policy changes propagate throughout Latino communities via social media. This may lead to chilling effects that dissuade eligible individuals from enrolling in critical safety net programmes such as Medicaid. This study will examine pathways and mechanisms by which sentiment in response to mis- and disinformation regarding healthcare policies on social media differentially impact health disparity populations, thus supporting the design of tailored social media interventions to mitigate this.

Methods and analysis
We will search social media from X/Twitter, Facebook/Instagram and Reddit for keywords relating to health benefit programmes. Demographic, geographical location and other characteristics of users will be used to stratify social media data. Posts will be classified as fake-news-related or fact-related based on curated lists of fake-news-related websites. The number, temporal dissemination and positive or negative sentiment in reacting to posts and threads will be examined using the Python-based Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner (VADER). Using a crowd-sourcing methodology, a novel Spanish-language VADER (S-VADER) will be created to rate sentiment to social media among Spanish-speaking Latinos. With the proposed approach, we will explore reactions to the dissemination of fake-news- or fact-related social media tweets and posts and their sources. Analyses of social media posts in response to healthcare-related policies will provide insights into fears faced by Latinos and Spanish speakers, as well as positive or negative perceptions relating to the policy over time among social media users.

Ethics and dissemination
Our study protocol was approved by the University of California, Los Angeles IRB (IRB#23–0 01 123). Results from this study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations, and S-VADER will be disseminated to public repositories such as GitHub.

In dieci anni aumentati rispettivamente dello 0,7% e dell’1,6% all’anno

La raccolta dei dati sanitari non è più solo ricavata da un esame o dal risultato di un’analisi. Ora arriva direttamente dall’interno del nostro corpo e promette una rivoluzione per…

Studio della Società italiana di medicina Interna

Background
Studies examining the association between Medicaid expansion (ME) under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and colon cancer incidence have produced mixed results.

Objective
To re-visit the association between the ACA-ME and annual cases of colon cancer.

Design
Difference-in-differences (DiD).

Setting
The primary analyses used data from the National Cancer Database from 2010 to 2018, a hospital-based cancer registry in the USA. We also conducted exploratory analyses using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry.

Patients
Patients aged 40 and older with newly diagnosed colon cancer.

Measurements
The primary outcome was the percent change in colon cancer of all stages. Secondary outcomes were percent changes in stage I and stage IV cases.

Results
Among those aged 40–49, we observed a statistically significant greater increase in stage I colon cancer in expansion states relative to non-expansion states (DiD (percent change) 9.7% (95% CI, 2.5% to 17.4%)). In those aged 50–64, we did not observe statistically significant differences between the two state groups in any of the outcomes. Among those aged 65+, we observed a statistically significant relative decrease for all stages in ACA-ME states (–1.0% (95% CI, –1.0% to –3.0%)) and for stage IV (–3.0% (95% CI, –2.0% to –5.0%)). We explored our findings among younger individuals (

Introduction
Social media is the most prominent source of online food and beverage advertisements (ads) seen by adolescents. Companies target adolescent social media users with ads that feature calorie-dense, nutrient-poor products, and exposure to ads drives poor diet and risk for future diet-related diseases. Black, Hispanic and lower socio-economic status youth are exposed to significantly more ads than White peers. Several state-level policies in the USA have passed restricting youth from accessing social media without parental approval, and some policies have banned advertising to youth. This protocol paper describes a current study that aims to understand the impact of such policies in two states, Louisiana and Texas, as they were among the first to be implemented with racially/ethnically diverse populations.

Methods and analysis
This study employs a repeated cross-sectional difference-in-difference design in which 700 youth ages 13–17 years are being recruited each year for 5 years (Louisiana n=175, Texas n=175, matched comparisons from other states n=350). Youth screen record their mobile devices for 60 minutes while they browse social media platforms (eg, TikTok, Instagram) or use the internet. They also complete a brief survey about a variety of topics (eg, health behaviours, mental health). Adolescents are compensated for screen recording ($75) and the survey ($25). Study team members are coding recordings for several characteristics, including media platforms used, appearances of food or beverages, and food or beverage type. We will estimate the impact of policies on food and beverage ads seen per hour using Ordinary Least Squares regression models and heterogeneity-robust standard errors clustered at the state level (by year and cumulatively). We will run additional models with interaction terms with income and race/ethnicity, separately, to test the role of the policies on health disparities.

Ethics and dissemination
Study procedures have been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the NYU Grossman School of Medicine. We will distribute findings in peer-reviewed journals and at local and national conferences. To complement traditional dissemination pathways, we will create infographics to share with relevant community stakeholders. We will also share findings with policymakers in states that have passed or considered similar policies.

Objectives
To investigate demographic, clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) among patients with portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH).

Design
Retrospective analysis of a real-world cross-sectional survey, the pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) Disease Specific Programme.

Setting
Secondary care settings in the USA.

Participants
Pulmonologists (n=22), cardiologists (n=17) and internists (n=7) who saw ≥2 patients with PAH/month provided data on 90 PoPH patients. Mean age of patients was 56.8 years, 51.1% were male, 76.7% were white/Caucasian.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
Demographic characteristics, initial presentation/diagnosis, disease trajectory, symptoms, comorbidities, treatment patterns and HCRU.

Results
The most common diagnostic tests were echocardiogram (62.2%), right heart catheterisation (56.7%) and electrocardiogram (48.9%). Dyspnea on exertion (64.4%), dyspnea following exertion (51.1%) and fatigue (48.9%) were the most common symptoms prior to PAH diagnosis as well as the most bothersome. Overall, 13.3% patients had mild disease before treatment vs 42.2% at time of survey. Most (60.0%) had stable disease (21.1% were improving and 18.8% were deteriorating at the time of the survey). Most common recent symptoms were dyspnea on exertion (51.1%), fatigue (37.8%) and dyspnea following exertion (32.2%). Patients had a mean of 1.8 comorbidities. In total, 80.0% of PoPH patients were receiving PAH-specific treatment; 41.7%, 22.2% and 12.5% received monotherapy, dual therapy and triple therapy, respectively. Patients had seen their physician 4.1 times in the past 12 months (3.5 visits specifically for PAH), while 31.1% had been hospitalised for PAH. Most (70.0%) patients were managed in a multidisciplinary team, and 8.9% of patients relied on a caregiver.

Conclusions
This study highlights the high symptomatic burden coupled with mostly moderate-to-severe disease status and a high hospitalisation rate despite the majority of PoPH patients being on therapy. Therefore, new treatment options in PoPH are in great need.

Iniezione semestrale, potrebbe essere rivoluzionaria

Ricostruzione mammaria dopo un tumore: parole che pesano come pietre nella vita di ogni paziente oncologica e che significano dover affrontare un percorso anche di accettazione del nuovo seno. A…

Introduction
In 2016, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended depression screening for all adults in the public sector, with screening frequency determined by clinical judgement and patient circumstances. This practice aims to enable timely diagnosis and treatment, reducing long-term healthcare costs associated with this chronic health condition. However, the USPSTF offered no written recommendations for primary care settings serving non-English-speaking populations, particularly where providers speak English and patients speak Spanish. While some research exists on depression screening in linguistically diverse settings, the use of validated Spanish-language screenings in primary care settings is underexplored when it comes to implementing the USPSTF’s recommendation. This scoping review addresses this knowledge gap by (1) assessing the extent to which Spanish-speaking patients in the USA receive depression screening in Spanish and (2) using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) 2.0 to categorise barriers and facilitators to implementing Spanish-language depression screening tools in USA primary care settings. The findings will identify areas needing further research to improve depression screening guidelines for primary care practices serving Spanish-speaking patients.

Methods and analysis
This scoping review follows the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review methodology, updated by Levac and colleagues. The reporting protocol adheres to PRISMA-ScR. A systematic search will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science Core Collection for studies on Spanish-language depression screening for adults in non-Veterans Affairs Medical Centers in the USA, excluding those focused on youth or adolescents. We will extract data from qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies on screening. We will also examine studies addressing provider-reported comfort and competency in screening Spanish-speaking patients. We hypothesise that primary care clinics have implemented strategies for screening Spanish-speaking patients for depression driven by healthcare provider initiatives, local policies, research funding or community needs. The review will extract data on sample size, study methodology, primary care settings, patient and provider demographics, depression screeners used, and barriers and facilitators to screening. The quality of the studies will be appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

Ethics and dissemination
At Brown University, scoping reviews that analyse and synthesise existing research do not require Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, provided they do not involve primary data collection or direct interaction with human subjects. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations and community workshops to improve practices and policies addressing language barriers in depression screening and care.

Registration details
This scoping review protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) at https://osf.io/dyru5.

Esperta, ‘attenzione agli scogli e ai massaggi improvvisati’

Allarme tossicità finanziaria anche in Italia, debiti per 62%

Al congresso American Society of oncology, 8 lavorano in Italia

Al via il Congresso dell’American Society of oncology

Infettivologi a Conferenza Icar: ‘Penalizzati i Paesi poveri’

Details of corrigendum: In Figure 5, in the acute presentation section, it was stated that the greatest risk is in males aged 16–30 years after 2nd and 3rd dose. However, this should have said that the greatest risk is in males aged 16–30 years after the 1st or 2nd dose.