Risultati per: La composizione del microbioma influenza la depressione

This Viewpoint discusses H5 influenza vaccine use in light of the current outbreak and how vaccine development, stockpiling, and deployment could shape the US’ response to future pandemics.

Tra il 4 e il 10 novembre 373mila casi

This randomized trial showed no difference in local or systemic side effects in patients receiving their vaccines on either schedule.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4142796-A4142796, November 12, 2024. Background:Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is defined as a dilated form of cardiomyopathy that occurs within the last month of pregnancy and up to 5 months postpartum. Previous studies have shown that PPCM more often occurs in the Southern United States compared to other geographic locations. Although the etiology of PPCM is likely multifactorial, viral infections may account for up to a third of those cases. We aimed to examine the association of PPCM to active influenza infection in the Southern United States.Methods:National Inpatient Sample 2016-2021 was queried to identify women admitted with PPCM with (group A) and without (group B) concurrent influenza infection in the Southern United States.Results:A total of 13540 women were admitted with PPCM, of whom 3511 (35%) had concurrent influenza infection. Group A PPCM followed a seasonal pattern with peak incidence in winter (62%) followed by spring (25%), fall (13%) and summer (0) [p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4144754-A4144754, November 12, 2024. Background:Pneumococcal and influenza vaccination have shown cardioprotective effects by reducing adverse cardiovascular events among high-risk patients. However, the effectiveness of combined pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations compared to influenza vaccination alone in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been thoroughly established to date.Objective:This study aims to investigate the cardiovascular events in patients with CAD following combined pneumococcal and influenza vaccination compared to influenza vaccination alone.Method:The TriNeTX US Collaborative Network research database was used to identify patients aged ≥18 years of age from January 2005 to April 2021. Patients were divided into two groups, one with pneumococcal and influenza vaccination and a control group with influenza vaccination only. Patients were followed for one year. Propensity score-matched analysis (1:1, Figure 1) was conducted based on age, sex, race, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. The main outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, heart failure and ischemic stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure and ischemic stroke.Results:After propensity score matching, the study cohort comprised 132,646 patients in the pneumococcal and influenza vaccination group and 132,646 patients in the influenza alone group. The mean age of patients was 79.2 years. Patients who received pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations had a significantly lower risk of MACE (RR, 0.925 (95%CI: 0.896-0.955),P

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4133460-A4133460, November 12, 2024. Background and hypothesis:Influenza is a significant public health and economic threat around the world. Although pneumonia is the most common complication associated with influenza, there are several clinical reports demonstrating increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Influenza infection induces interferons, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and recruits’ macrophages and neutrophils to control the virus. However, an excessive influx of innate immune cells and dysregulated production of inflammatory mediators results in pathological responses during influenza infection. Studies have shown that influenza infection correlates with increased incidence of myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis is the most known cause of ischemic heart diseases and stroke. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) has been shown to promote adhesion of monocytes and promotes atherosclerosis. In this study, we hypothesize that VCAM1 plays a role in exacerbation of atherosclerosis during influenza infection.Methods:High-Fat diet (HFD)-fed Apoe-/-mice were infected with influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and weight loss, survival rate, and gene expression of vascular endothelial adhesion molecules, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured. HFD-fed Apoe-/-mice were infected with influenza, and treated with anti-VCAM1 antibody, and weight loss and cellular responses were measured.Results and conclusions:Increased weight loss and decreased survival of mice were observed in response to influenza infection in HFD-induced atherosclerosis in Apoe-/-mice. Further, the expression of VCAM1, and the levels of IL-6, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5 were significantly increased in aorta in Apoe-/-mice when compared to PBS-treated controls. Increased survival, decreased weight loss, decreased lesion area, decreased frequency of CD11b+F4/80+Ly6C+, CD4+RORgt+cells and increased frequency of CD4+FoxP3+Treg cells were observed in aorta in response to antibody mediated VCAM1 neutralization. These results suggest that VCAM1 plays a pathological role in influenza-induced exacerbation of atherosclerosis.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4147488-A4147488, November 12, 2024. Background:Previous studies have shown that influenza vaccination (IV) may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the effects of IV in patients with myocardial ischemia (MI) and heart failure (HF).Hypothesis:The influenza vaccine reduces the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with MI and HF.Methods:A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception up to march 2024. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of IV in patients with HF and MI, and reported outcomes of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. Analyses were conducted using R software. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. A random-effects model was applied to calculate pooled Relative Risk (RR). A stratified analysis was performed to investigate ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI subgroups. Sensitivity analysis was performed to explore heterogeneity. Confidence Interval (CI) was set at 95%.Results:We identified six RCTs comprising a total population of 9229 participants. Of these, 4100 were patients with MI, and 5129 were HF patients. Overall, MACE (RR 0.65; 95%CI 0.47-0.89; p=0.007; I2=75%) (Figure 1A) and cardiovascular death (RR 0.60; 95%CI 0.37-0.96; p=0.035; I2=62%) (Figure 1B) were significantly lower in group receiving IV compared to placebo/no treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed for all-cause death. In sensitivity analysis, after excluding HF patients, IV significantly decreased the risk of MACE (RR 0.57; 95%CI 0.43-0.76; p

Secondo uno studio, per i non sposati il rischio è quasi doppio

In virus può colpire anche il cervello. L’appello a vaccinarsi

Andreoni, “la vaccinazione diventa fondamentale”

Un 76enne con sintomi importanti per H3N2. “Non sarà una bella stagione”

Un 76enne con sintomi importanti per H3N2. “Non sarà una bella stagione”

Introduction
Evidence summaries on the benefits and harms of treatment options support informed decisions under controlled conditions. However, few studies have investigated how such formats support decision-making across different social groups. There is a risk that only disadvantaged people will be able to make informed health decisions—possibly increasing the health equity gap. It is also unclear whether they support decision-making in the field at all. The aim of our study is to assess whether evidence summaries based on the fact box format can help people from different social groups make informed decisions about COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations, and thus reduce inequity in health communication.

Methods and analysis
In a multi-centre, cluster-randomised, controlled trial, health educators from usual care and outreach work in Germany will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to provide either usual health communication plus an evidence summary (‘fact box’) or usual health communication. Health educators provide a flyer about COVID-19 or influenza vaccination which contains a link to an online study either with (intervention) or without (control) fact box on the reverse side. Flyer and online study will be available in Arabic, German, Turkish and Russian language. The primary outcome is informed vaccination intention, based on vaccination knowledge, attitudes, intentions and behaviour. Secondary outcomes include risk perception, decisional conflict and shared decision-making. We will use linear mixed models to analyse the influence of both individual (eg, education status) and cluster level factors and account for the expected cluster variability in realising usual health communication or the intervention. The statistical analysis plan includes the selection of appropriate measures of effect size and power calculation, assuming a sample size of 800 patients.

Ethics and dissemination
The trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Potsdam, Germany (application numbers: 34/2021 and 57/2022).
Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conferences and to relevant stakeholders.

Protocol version
Version 6 (4 October 2024); Preprint available on Research Square: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3401234/v3

Trial registration number
NCT06076421.

Da solo o con anti-Covid, sul sito ministero Salute e reti Rai