Search Results for: Microbiota intestinale e cancro al pancreas

Bredon M, le Malicot K, Louvet C, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Is Associated With Clinical Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Results of Microbiota Analysis of PRODIGE 59-FFCD 1707-DURIGAST Trial. Gastroenterology 2025;168:601–603.e2.

Introduction
Differences in the profile of the vaginal microbiota (VMB) have been associated with pregnancy rates after medical assisted reproduction (MAR) such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Monitoring the VMB profile of IVF patients creates an opportunity to identify the best window for IVF treatment and embryo transfer. The ReceptIVFity test is a predictive test that assesses the chances of becoming pregnant in women undergoing IVF treatment based on the VMB composition. A VMB profile dominated by beneficial strains, most notably Lactobacillus species, is associated with increased pregnancy chances. However, to date, limited evidence is available on the effect of active modification strategies to facilitate the modulation of the VMB profile to help restore a VMB dominated by Lactobacillus species.

Methods and analysis
This is a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind intervention study. The study will involve 1:1 randomisation to one of the two arms: oral probiotic or placebo. Vaginal and rectal swabs will be collected at intake and 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the start of the treatment. Our objective is to determine if oral probiotic treatment improves the VMB profile of IVF patients from a low to a medium/high ReceptIVFity score, compared with placebo treatment. Secondary outcomes are: the potential of the bacterial strains in the oral probiotic to be detected in the vaginal tract and/or in the gut, and if the treatment leads to an increased ongoing pregnancy rate after IVF.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval was obtained by the local medical ethical review committee at the Maastricht University Medical Centre. Findings from this study will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and presented at one or more scientific conferences.

Trial registration number
CCMO NL81210.068.22, registered 25 September 2023.

In a randomized trial in Norway, FMT was noninferior to vancomycin.

Ricercatori Biogem, si apre la strada a cure mirate

Ricercatori Biogem, si apre la strada a cure mirate

We read with interest the Australian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consensus statements for pregnancy by Laube et al, which highlights that patients with IBD in the active stage have reduced fertility with unclear reasons.1 IBD, encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), involves gut microbiota and metabolites as key players in its development.2 A recent study revealed ovarian impairment in CD, while polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of ovarian dysfunction and infertility in women.3 4 Mounting evidence supported an association between gut microbiota and ovarian function,5 and our recent work revealed that gut microbiota was involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS.6 7 Therefore, we speculated that IBD may induce PCOS by disrupting gut microbiota, leading to alterations in plasma metabolites. Initially, we performed a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis based on…

Basic scienceComing out of my (glyco)cage Ma W, Wang C, Kothandapani J, et al. Bespoke plant glycoconjugates for gut microbiota-mediated drug targeting. Science 2025; eadk7633. doi: 10.1126/science.adk7633. Targeted drug delivery to the colon is somewhat of a ‘holy grail’ in gastrointestinal medicine. The need to get the right drug to the right place at the right time to treat intestinal inflammation without the collateral damage of unwanted systemic uptake has led to several novel solutions over the years. These include multimatrix delivery systems, administration of prodrugs and pH-dependent and time-dependent carriers. Our ever-increasing knowledge of the human gut microbiota is allowing us to harness its activity to achieve the same ends. Xyloglucans (XyG) are polysaccharides found in fruit and vegetables. While humans lack enzymes to degrade XyG, human gut microbiomes all contain genes coding for these enzymes in abundant bacteria such as Bacteroides sp. In this study,…

Background
Gut microbial metabolites are recognised as critical effector molecules that influence the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Peptidoglycan fragments (PGFs) produced by microbiota play a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, but their role in CRC remains unclear.

Objective
Here, we aimed to explore the potential contribution of PGFs in intestinal tumourigenesis.

Design
The relative abundance of peptidoglycan synthase and hydrolase genes was assessed by metagenomic analysis. Specific PGFs in the faeces and serum of CRC patients were quantified using targeted mass spectrometry. The effects of PGF on intestinal tumourigenesis were systematically evaluated using various murine models of CRC and organoids derived from CRC patients. Downstream molecular targets were screened and evaluated using proteome microarray, transcriptome sequencing and rescue assays.

Results
Metagenomic analysis across seven independent cohorts (n=1121) revealed a comprehensive reduction in peptidoglycan synthase gene relative abundance in CRC patients. Targeted mass spectrometry identified significant depletion of a specific PGF, N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) in CRC patients, which decreased as tumours progressed (p

This review in the Translational Science series summarizes current evidence regarding the human microbiome and cancer, including how the microbiota in the gut and other anatomical locations affect cancer outcomes and response to cancer therapy.

Consentirà di personalizzare cure sin dal momento della diagnosi

In campo squadre dei Centri oncoematologia pediatrica d’Italia

CDI outcomes could be improved by optimising antibiotic pretreatment duration, selecting appropriate FMT delivery methods, and repeating FMT.

Introduction
Concurrent with infants’ progression in dietary complexity and gut microbiome diversity, infants gradually change their defecation patterns during the first year of life. However, the links between bowel habits, the gut microbiota and early life nutrition remain unclear. The primary outcome is to characterise the gut microbiome development from birth to 1 year of age. Second, to investigate how bowel habits and nutrition in early life relate to the gut microbiome and metabolome during this period of life, and to explore how the development of the gut microbiome associates with host development.

Methods and analysis
The MOTILITY Mother-Child Cohort (MOTILITY) is a Danish prospective longitudinal cohort study enrolling up to 125 mother–infant dyads. Assessments occur at 36 weeks gestation (visit 1), birth (screening of infant) and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months (±2 weeks) post partum (visits 2–5). At visit 1, maternal anthropometrics, self-collected faecal and urine samples, and questionnaires on bowel habits and lifestyle are obtained. Between visits, infant faecal (biweekly), urine (monthly) and maternal breast milk (monthly until 6 months of age) samples are collected at home, and bowel habits and dietary intake are assessed biweekly by self-reported questionnaires. At visits 2–5, infant blood and saliva samples are collected, and anthropometric measurements are obtained. In addition, dietary intake is recorded thrice throughout the study period for mother and infant, respectively, and infant whole-gut transit time is estimated by sweet corn tests at 9 and 12 months of age. Birth, growth, motor development, sleep patterns, tooth development, overall health and well-being are assessed using questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate statistics will be applied to identify associations between the gut microbiome, early life nutrition and host physiology including bowel habits during the first year of life.

Ethics and dissemination
The MOTILITY study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee for the Capital Region of Denmark (reference number: H-21063016). Selected results will be made available to the participants in the form of a summary document. Results will be published in peer-review journals and by means of national and international conferences.

Trial registration number
NCT05491161.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.