Search Results for: Carcinoma cutaneo a cellule squamose

La ricerca degli atenei Tor Vergata e Ucla apre la strada ad ampie applicazioni in medicina e biotecnologia

The Original Investigation titled “Nivolumab + Ipilimumab as Immunotherapeutic Boost in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial,” published online May 9, 2024, and in the June 2024 issue was corrected to fix an error in Figure 1, the CONSORT diagram. “Received boost of 3-mg/kg nivolumab + 1-mg/kg ipilimumab” was changed to “Received boost of 1-mg/kg nivolumab + 3-mg/kg ipilimumab” in 4 incorrect instances in the flow diagram. This article was corrected online.

This cohort study examines 3-year survival among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma placed on a watch-and-wait protocol after achieving complete remission with combined locoregional therapy and immunotherapy.

This case report describes a man in his 50s with a diffuse pruritic rash after initiating treatment with pembrolizumab and enfortumab vedotin for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

La scoperta apre a terapie più mirate

Un ‘doppio diabete’ che può accelerare distruzione cellule Beta

Al Pascale di Napoli fase 2 studio carcinoma a cellule squamose

Objectives
This research aims to explore the correlation between ABO blood groups and neoplasms in the head and neck region, specifically investigating the susceptibility of different blood groups to tumours.

Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources
CNKI, WANFANG DATA, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases were systematically searched from inception to January 2024.

Eligibility criteria
All studies of ABO blood type and head and neck tumours will be included in this study.

Data extraction and synthesis
A systematic literature review was performed using digital platforms on CNKI, WANFANG DATA, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for meta-analysis. Two authors independently extracted the data and assessed the quality of included studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Comparisons were made between blood types A, B, AB and their combined group versus O, along with subgroup analyses. Systematic analysis was performed by using Review Manager V.5.4 and Stata V.18 statistical software.

Results
30 articles were included, involving 737 506 subjects, among which 21 382 were patients with head and neck tumours. The overall analysis indicated a significant association between type AB blood (OR 0.762, 95% CI 0.637 to 0.910) and a reduced risk of head and neck tumours. In the Caucasoid race, type A blood is significantly linked to an elevated likelihood of head and neck tumours (OR 1.353, 95% CI 1.076 to 1.702), while in the Mongoloid race, type AB blood is significantly linked to a reduced likelihood of developing tumours in the head and neck area (OR= 0.732, 95% CI 0.588 to 0.910). No significant associations were found in the subgroup analysis by gender. Regarding different types of cancer, type A blood is significantly associated with an increased risk of salivary gland tumours (OR 1.338, 95% CI 1.075 to 1.665), and type AB blood is significantly linked to a lower likelihood of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (OR 0.590, 95% CI 0.429 to 0.812).

Conclusion
A correlation exists between ABO blood groups and tumours in the head and neck region. However, the link between blood type and head and neck tumours requires further confirmation through more prospective studies.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42024510176.

Introduction
Organoids have been successfully used in several areas of cancer research and large living biobanks of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have been developed from various malignancies. The characteristics of the original tumour tissue such as mutation signatures, phenotype and genetic diversity are well preserved in organoids, thus showing promising results for the use of this model in translational research. In this study, we aim to assess whether we can generate PDOs from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) samples and whether PDOs can be used to predict treatment sensitivity in HNSCC patients as well as to explore potential biomarkers.

Methods and analysis
This is a prospective observational study at a single centre (Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust) to generate PDOs from patients’ samples to assess treatment response and to correlate with patients’ treatment outcomes. Patients will be included if they are diagnosed with HNSCC undergoing curative treatment (primary surgery or radiotherapy) or presenting with recurrent or metastatic cancers and they will be categorised into three groups (cohort 1: primary surgery, cohort 2: primary radiotherapy and cohort 3: recurrent/metastatic disease). Research tumour samples will be collected and processed into PDOs and chemosensitivity/radiosensitivity will be assessed using established methods. Moreover, blood and other biological samples (eg, saliva) will be collected at different time intervals during treatment and will be processed in the laboratory for plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) isolation. Plasma and saliva will be used for circulating tumour DNA analysis and PBMC will be stored for assessment of the peripheral immune characteristics of the patients as well as to perform co-culture experiments with PDOs. SOTO study (correlation of the treatment Sensitivity of patient-derived Organoids with Treatment Outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer) uses the collaboration of several specialties in head and neck cancer and has the potential to explore multiple areas of research with the aim of offering a valid and effective approach to personalised medicine for cancer patients.

Ethics and dissemination
This study was approved by North West-Greater Manchester South Research Ethics Committee (REC Ref: 22/NW/0023) on 21 March 2022. An informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to inclusion in the study. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at international conferences.

Trial registration number
NCT05400239.

We have read with interest the study from Simon et al, where the authors observed a higher mortality rate among patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared with reference controls without NAFLD.1 Importantly, mortality rates exhibited a significant increase as the severity of NAFLD worsened, that is, from simple steatosis, non-fibrotic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), non-cirrhotic fibrosis (ie, F1–F3, with or without NASH) to cirrhosis. The leading causes of death were attributable to extrahepatic cancers and liver cirrhosis, while cardiovascular disease and hepatocellular carcinoma had a comparatively lesser impact. This extensive study of patients with NAFLD reveals higher mortality rates across different NAFLD stages but does not stratify causes of death within the respective pre-cirrhotic fibrosis stages (F0–F3). Owing to the long natural history of NAFLD, for example, patients with F0 and F1 may never experience liver-related events.2–4 For that…

Objective
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a promising non-invasive biomarker in cancer. We aim to assess the dynamic of ctDNA in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Design
We analysed 772 plasmas from 173 patients with HCC collected at the time of diagnosis or treatment (n=502), 24 hours after locoregional treatment (n=154) and during follow-up (n=116). For controls, 56 plasmas from patients with chronic liver disease without HCC were analysed. All samples were analysed for cell free DNA (cfDNA) concentration, and for mutations in TERT promoter, CTNNB1, TP53, PIK3CA and NFE2L2 by sequencing and droplet-based digital PCR. Results were compared with 232 corresponding tumour samples.

Results
In patients with active HCC, 40.2% of the ctDNA was mutated vs 14.6% in patients with inactive HCC and 1.8% in controls (p