Risultati per: Low Back Pain: raccomandazioni

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4140363-A4140363, November 12, 2024. Introduction:An estimated 23-85% of adults with chronic heart failure (HF) experience comorbid chronic pain, yet no comprehensive theoretical models have been developed or tested that completely capture the salient variables which affect pain. The aim of this study was to construct a preliminary theoretical model of pain in HF and evaluate the associations between identified variables in the model with pain presence.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, baseline data were obtained from the Cognitive Intervention to Improve Memory in Heart Failure Patients study (MEMOIR-HF) (n = 235). The Biopsychosocial Model of Chronic Pain was adapted for an HF-specific population. The dependent variable was pain presence (yes/no), which was measured using the Health Utilities Index Mark-3 (HUI-3). Independent variables were identified for the model using previous literature and univariate analyses comparing patients with vs. without pain in MEMOIR-HF. Logistic regression was used to test for differences between patients with pain present and not present.Results:Demographics were 45.5% men, 54.5% women, 86.4% White, 13.6% Black, mean age 66.39 (SD 12.04) years. Of 235 patients, 159 (67.66%) reported pain on the HUI-3 items.The variables that were included following univariate analysis and literature review were age, self-reported race and gender, comorbid conditions, sleep disturbances, HF severity, B-type natriuretic peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, body mass index, and depression. Patients with pain were more likely to have worse HF severity (NYHA Class II or III compared with Class I) (Class II: OR 5.09 [1.71 – 15.08], p = .003, Class III: 5.05 [1.73 – 14.71], p = .003), more severe depression (OR 1.14 [1.06 – 1.23], p = .001), and worsened daytime sleepiness (OR 0.90 [0.83 – 0.98], p = .017), see Table 1.Conclusions:We believe this study is one of the first to construct and test a preliminary comprehensive model of pain in HF. Complete characterization of pain in HF is needed before treatments can be improved. Future research is needed to explore variables that were not available in the MEMOIR-HF dataset. More robust pain measures are needed to adequately test all variables.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4140323-A4140323, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) have a higher risk of CVD events yet are less likely to utilize outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (OCR), which is an evidence-based secondary prevention strategy. Understanding barriers and facilitators to the implementation of OCR among individuals with low SES is critical to design targeted interventions to improve attendance.Aims:To identify barriers and facilitators to OCR attendance among individuals with low SES using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) theoretical model.Methods:We purposefully recruited patients for in-depth interviews who had: a recent CVD event (≤ 3 months); documented referral to OCR; low SES (Medicaid eligible, or in the top quartile of area deprivation index); those who attended ≥ 1 session of OCR and those who did not. Semi-structured interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Codes were identified using a phenomenological approach guided by the COM-B model.Results:Participants (N=26) were 54% women, 58% Black, with mean age of 67.1 (12.7 years). Barriers and facilitators identified fit the COM-B model.Capabilitythemes included knowledge and awareness of OCR. OCR attendees (n=12) recalled discussing OCR, the benefits, and their physicians encouraging participation pre-discharge. Non-attendees (N=14) reported no, or very little knowledge about OCR, or weak recommendations by their physician.Opportunitythemes included social support from caregivers/family, peers, and their healthcare team. OCR attendees described a strong support network of caregivers who helped with logistics and motivation to participate, wanting to be with peers, and outreach of the healthcare team after discharge. Non-attendees described lack of social support, logistical barriers, and no outreach.Motivationthemes reflected the strong belief in the benefits of CR to improve physical and mental health, quality of life, and prevent future events among attendees. Non-attendees generally lacked a perceived need for OCR particularly if they had returned to baseline after their CVD event.Conclusions:Non-attenders of CR were distinguishable from attendees using the COM-B model, which can be used to guide intervention development. Our findings support a multi-level strategy that includes tailored education, social support, motivational enhancement, implemented by a trained health navigator, to overcome barriers to CR attendance among patients with low SES.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4147079-A4147079, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Observational studies in heart failure (HF) patients have shown that low levels of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) with otherwise normal thyroid testing (‘low T3 syndrome’) is a risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes. Preclinical studies have shown beneficial effects from T3 therapy on myocardial contractility, myocardial relaxation, and vascular resistance, but human studies are lacking.Research Question:In patients with HF and low T3 syndrome, is oral liothyronine (LT3) safe, and does it impact cardiovascular clinical and physiologic phenotypes?Aims:Primary aim: To evaluate the safety of oral LT3 therapy in HFrEF and HFpEF. Secondary aim: To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of oral LT3 therapy in HFrEF and HFpEF.Methods:A total of 28 participants with HFrEF and 28 with HFpEF aged 18+ years enrolled in a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial and were prescribed LT3 or placebo for 8 weeks with a 2-week washout period. Primary outcomes were safety as assessed by T3 level; arrhythmic events by EKG, 14-day adhesive patch monitoring, and ICD (HFrEF only); and adverse events. Secondary efficacy outcomes included Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, NT-proBNP level, peak O2 consumption during a cardiopulmonary exercise test, and actigraphy. Secondary mechanistic outcomes included non-invasive assessments of cardiac and arterial function measured via echocardiography and arterial tonometry.Results:Low T3 syndrome was present in 20% of screened participants. After LT3 treatment, T3 levels markedly increased compared with placebo. Heart rate was higher on LT3 (mean difference 2.4 beats per minute, p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4138757-A4138757, November 12, 2024. Background:Optimizing lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) use is foundational to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, especially among patients who have already experienced an ASCVD event. This study aimed to evaluate the patterns of LLT intensification and LDL-C testing within 12 months following an ASCVD event in US patients.Methods:Adults who experienced an ASCVD event (acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, stable angina, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or peripheral arterial disease) between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2022 in the IQVIA Longitudinal Access and Adjudication Data were included. The first instance of LLT intensification after the event was defined as an increase from a low-moderate to high intensity statin, or the initiation of statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9i, or bempedoic acid in addition to a baseline LLT regimen that did not include these medications. Baseline medication use was defined during 6 months before the ASCVD event.Results:Among 6,028,573 patients who had an eligible ASCVD event (mean age: 63.6 years, 51.5% male), 53.9% were not taking any LLT and 43.2% were taking statins only (low-moderate intensity: 26.7%; high intensity: 16.4%) during baseline. Within 1, 3, and 12 months after the event, 16.3%, 21.3%, and 30.0% of patients intensified LLT, respectively. Among patients who intensified LLT within 12 months (n= 1,820,246), the most commonly observed intensification was from no LLT use at baseline to low-moderate (29.0%) or high-intensity statins (43.5%), followed by intensification from low-moderate to high-intensity statins (20.3%). LDL-C values at baseline were available in a subset of 10.7% of patients, with the median being 95 mg/dL (78.9% ≥70 mg/dL). LDL-C values were observed in 17.7% of patients within 12 months after the ASCVD event, with the median being 84 mg/dL (68.3% ≥70 mg/dL).Conclusions:Within 12 months after an ASCVD event, only about one-third of patients intensified LLT and two-thirds did not achieve guideline-recommended LDL-C levels. The results highlight a missed opportunity to reduce recurrent ASCVD events. Future effort is warranted to address the clinical inertia that may be contributing to this unmet need.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4141710-A4141710, November 12, 2024. Background:Stress perfusion CMR has excellent diagnostic and prognostic values in assessing chest pain syndromes. AI-guided methods may overcome complex scanning and increase clinical adaptation of stress CMR.Aim:To assess the benefits of AI-guided stress perfusion CMR.Methods:Consecutive patients with stable chest pain underwent stress CMR using either a standard scanning method (SOC) or an AI-assist (AIA) machine learning protocol to automate scan planning, plane prescription, sequence tuning, and image reconstruction. Scan duration, the ratio of scan preparation time over the entire scan duration, and scan quality using a 5-point scale were compared between AIA and SOC. Cox regression models were constructed to associate evidence of ischemia on stress CMR, by either scanning method, with composite endpoints including cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, unstable angina hospitalization, and late CABG. A second composite endpoint included the performance of additional cardiac imaging tests (stress imaging and CCTA) and invasive coronary procedures after CMR.Results:Among 594 patients (62.8 ± 14 years), 29% underwent stress CMR with AIA. 26% had stress-perfusion ischemia, and 39% had LGE present. AIA stress CMR had lower scan duration (median 44.0 [IQR 40-47] vs. 52.5 min [IQR 46-60]; p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4140066-A4140066, November 12, 2024. Background:The no-reflow has been reported to be associated with larger infarct size and mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A pathological classification of no-reflow was proposed: structural no-reflow—microvessels within the necrotic myocardium exhibit loss of capillary integrity (it is usually irreversible)—and functional no reflow—patency of microvasculature is compromised due to distal embolization, spasm, ischemic injury, reperfusion injury. It may be reversible. After about 6 hours of AMI, myocardial necrosis occurs, which leads to the coronary microcirculation to injury which contribute to no-reflow. The rate of no-reflow was lower in patients presented with AMI, who had reperfusion in less than 4 hours. In AMI within 4 hours of pain-to-balloon time, the proportion of reversible causes of no-reflow may be higher compared to irreversible causes. The incidence of no-reflow was higher in patients with attenuated plaque ≥5 mm in length as evaluated by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of no-reflow after PCI and the association between attenuation plaque as detected by IVUS and no-reflow in ACS patients within 4 hours of pain-to-balloon time.Methods and Results:We retrospectively evaluated 77 ACS patients within 4 hours of pain-to-balloon time between December 2020 and March 2022. Patients were divided into the reflow group (final TIMI 3) (n = 58) and the no-reflow group (final TIMI < 3) (n = 19). The median peak creatine kinase (CK) level was significantly higher in the no-reflow group compared to the reflow group (3754 IU/L [IQR: 4155] vs. 1712 IU/L [IQR: 2849]). Blood pressure decrease during PCI was significantly more pronounced in the no-reflow group (47.4% vs. 8.6%, p < 0.001). The proportion of low attenuation plaque observed by IVUS with a length of ≥5 mm was significantly higher in the no-reflow group compared to the reflow group (52.6% vs. 25.5%, p = 0.032). The proportion of low attenuation plaque with an angle of ≥180 degrees was significantly higher in the no-reflow group compared to the reflow group (68.4% vs. 41.2%, p=0.043).Conclusion:In ACS patients within 4 hours of pain-to-balloon time, the peak CK and the decrease in blood pressure during PCI were significantly greater and the proportion of low attenuation plaque with a length of ≥5 mm and an angle of ≥180 degrees were significantly higher in the no-reflow group.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4141419-A4141419, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Many patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have relatively low natriuretic peptide (NP) levels, often related to obesity. The predictors of mortality and hospitalization (CV outcomes) within HFpEF patients with low NT-proBNP levels remain unclear. In this study, we examined these predictors, comparing HFpEF with low NT-proBNP (HFpEF-LoBNP) and high NT-proBNP (HFpEF-HiBNP) groups.Methods:Patients from the Johns Hopkins HFpEF Clinic (July 2014 – May 2024) were categorized into HFpEF-LoBNP (

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4124323-A4124323, November 12, 2024. Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading cause of stroke. However, predictors of stroke after AF ablation have not been well clarified, therefore, evidences of anticoagulation therapy after the procedure have been limited. Although left atrial low-voltage areas (LVAs) reflects atrial cardiomyopathy, which is a potential cause of thromboembolism, there are few reports of an association between LVAs and stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between atrial cardiomyopathy assessed by LVAs and stroke in patients undergoing AF ablation.Methods:The study design was a single center, retrospective observational study. This study included 1,486 (age, 68 ± 10 years; female, 501 [34%]; persistent AF, 905 [61%]) consecutive patients who underwent initial AF ablation from December 2014 to March 2022. The definition of LVAs were areas with a bipolar voltage of

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4127919-A4127919, November 12, 2024. Intro:DSP-encoded desmoplakin is implicated in a distinct form of arrhythmic cardiomyopathy (ACM), often involving the LV and characterized by myocardial inflammation. Conventional ACM diagnostic criteria has poor sensitivity forDSP-associated ACM, thus highlighting the need to identify the full spectrum of phenotypic risk associated with disease-associatedDSPvariants.Objective:To analyze the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum ofDSP-mediated disease at a large population level.Methods:UK Biobank participants with exome sequencing (ES) were included. Variants were filtered by gene evidence category, yielding 3 groups: predicted deleterious (pDel); subset with predicted loss of function (LOF); and ultra-filtered subset by ClinVar 2* pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP). Phenotypic penetrance was analyzed withDSP-neg individuals as control. Variant location analysis assessed LOFs by susceptibility to nonsense mediated decay region and missenses by amino acid sequence to identify mutational hotspots where P/LPs localize.Results:Out of 200,580 with ES, 1407DSPcarriers had pDel, 168 with LOF, and 44 with ClinVar 2* P/LP.DSPcarriers had higher burden of myocarditis, cardiomyopathy (CM), and heart failure. A progressive enrichment in myocarditis and CM was observed by more stringent variant filtering inDSPcarriers compared to control. A higher proportion ofDSPcarriers had myocarditis – 0.28% (4) of the pDels, 1.8% (3) of LOFs, and 4.5% (2) compared to control 0.07% (p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4147770-A4147770, November 12, 2024. Background:Randomized control trials (RCTs) have compared transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) at low-intermediate surgical risk.Objective:To compare TAVR vs. SAVR for AS in low-intermediate surgical risk patients.Methods:We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central databases for studies comparing TAVR with SAVR for AS in low-intermediate surgical risk. Outcomes included composite death or stroke, death, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac death, new atrial fibrillation (AF), new pacemaker implantation, acute kidney injury (AKI), bleeding, major vascular complications, endocarditis, aortic valve reintervention, and rehospitalization at 1 year. Random effects models were used to generate risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using I2statistics.Results:The systematic review identified 8 RCTs including 9,239 patients (TAVR n=4,695, 50.8%). Death or stroke (RR 0.78; 95%CI 0.62-0.98; p=0.033; I2=52%), cardiac death (RR 0.79; 95%CI 0.63-0.98; p=0.029; I2=1%), bleeding (RR 0.39; 95%CI 0.25-0.60; p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4143480-A4143480, November 12, 2024. Background:Social isolation and loneliness have been found to be associated with many chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and those with both CVD and social isolation may have a worse prognosis. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to improve outcomes following cardiac events. We hypothesize that CR may have beneficial impacts on quality of life, social support, depression, and pain rated via Dartmouth COOP Charts (COOP).Research Question:What is the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life, perceived social support, depression, and chronic pain?Methods:Data from Penn State Hershey Medical Center’s CR program was extracted pre-and post-CR, including Body Mass Index (BMI), Metabolic Equivalents (METs) performed, and components of COOP (social support, quality of life (QoL), depression, pain), with impairment rated from 1 to 5, with 5 representing worse impairment. Analysis was performed with paired t-test. Sensitivity analysis was performed including only high-risk participants (pre-rehab COOP score ≥ 3) for social support, depression, and pain as well as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2.Results:A total of 743 participants were included with a mean (±SD) age of 66.3 (±11.3) years. CR improved METs performed, QoL, depression, and pain (Table 1). When analyzing all participants, CR did not improve social support or BMI. However, when only analyzing those with higher social support needs at baseline (n= 78) as well as elevated BMI ≥30kg/m2, CR was associated with improved social support and BMI. QoL, depression and pain also improved among the higher risk groups (Table 2).Conclusion:CR programs have demonstrated benefits for cardiovascular mortality and may have powerful impacts on patients’ mental health, pain, and social support. Further studies are needed to further elucidate the role CR may have in improving outcomes in participants with social isolation and loneliness.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4144964-A4144964, November 12, 2024. Major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) occur in a substantioal percentage of individuals following acute coronary syndromes (ACS), primarily driven by residual vascular inflammation. Anti-inflammatory drugs have improved CV outcomes but their use is limited by significant side-effects. Low-dose interleukin 2 (IL2) increases regulatory T (Treg) cells, which are powerful endogenous regulators of the immune response, and could provide a new, targeted anti-inflammatory strategy in high-risk ACS patients. In IVORY, we hypothesised that treatment with low-dose IL2 would reduce arterial inflammation measured by18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), compared to placebo. In IVORY FINALE we hypothesised that low dose IL2 could reduce MACE compared to placebo at follow up (up to 5 years.)IVORY was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase IIb trial randomising ACS patients with high-sensitivity CRP levels ≧ 2mg/L to receive either 1.5×106IU IL2 or placebo (1:1). Dosing consisted of a daily induction (5 days) and a weekly maintenance phase (7 weeks).18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging of the ascending aorta and carotid arteries was performed before and after treatment. The primary outcome was the difference in the mean maximum target-to-background ratio (TBRmax) in the index vessel on follow-up imaging between the groups.60 patients (IL2:placebo, n=31:29) completed the trial. Arterial inflammation in the index vessel was lower at the end of treatment in the IL2 group than in placebo (TBRmax = -0.171[-7.7%], 95% CI -0.308 to -0.034, p=0.015)[Fig1]. In more inflamed areas with a mean TBRmax ≧ 2 (active slices), the difference between the groups was greater (-0.185 [-8.3%], P=0.009, 95% CI -0.323 to -0.0478). Overall, the additive treatment effect of low-dose IL2 was greater at higher baseline inflammation [Fig 2]. Low-dose IL2 significantly increased circulating Tregs compared to placebo (p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4142690-A4142690, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Given the well-documented benefits of yoga on the cardiovascular system and improvement of exercise tolerance and quality of life, the American Heart Association recently recommended yoga as a safe and well-tolerated adjunctive therapy for patients with heart failure (HF). However, most studies have focused on testing yoga with moderate levels of physical movement, leaving a gap in our understanding of the potential benefits of yoga with low levels of physical movement.The specific aims of this pilot study were to explore the potential benefits of yoga with low levels of physical exercise movement, combined with longer deep breathing and meditation, on the psychological and physical health outcomes of patients with HF.Methods:Yoga was delivered using tele-health to patients with HF at home. Outpatients with HF (N=17) were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n=11) or the control (n=6) groups using a 2:1 ratio. The intervention group participated in twice-weekly live-streamed yoga sessions over a 12-week period led by nurse yoga instructors. Outcome measures included depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Hospital Anxiety Index), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), perceived control (Control Attitude Scale-Revised), sit-stand test, and length of activity measured with an ActiGraph watch worn for 7 days. Paired t-tests were conducted to examine the differences in outcomes over time.Results:For the intervention group, there was a significant improvement in global sleep quality (8.8 vs. 6.0, p= 0.4 respectively), with a significant increase in sleep duration (3.0 vs 0.6, P

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4134273-A4134273, November 12, 2024. Background:Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome and its pathophysiology is not fully understood. A monoamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is involved in diverse biological functions and suggested to play a role in cardiovascular diseases. However, the clinical relevance of 5-HT in HFpEF remains unclear.Aims:This study aimed to elucidate the clinical significance and prognostic value of 5- HT in patients with HFpEF.Methods:We conducted a prospective study involving 240 consecutive hospitalized patients with HFpEF (mean age 72 years, 52% male). We measured circulating blood 5-HT levels using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Clinical and outcome data were collected.Results:Correlation analysis revealed that 5-HT levels were negatively correlated with blood B-type natriuretic peptide concentration and tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient. When patients were stratified into two groups based on the median 5-HT levels (90.5 ng/mL), Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that HFpEF patients with low blood 5-HT levels had lower event-free survival rates from the composite event of cardiac death and worsening heart failure over a median follow-up period of 725 days (Figure). In a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for confounding variables, low levels of 5-HT were independently associated with increased risks of the composite of cardiac events (hazard ratio, 3.25; P < 0.01).Conclusion:Low 5-HT levels are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with HFpEF and 5-HT may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting prognosis in such patients.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4146790-A4146790, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Available data suggest there is some regularity in the time of the day when patients experience their first clinical symptoms (pain) of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). It has been noticed that the largest number of cases of myocardial infarction are observed in the early morning. Some studies, especially in Asian populations, have found a shift into the afternoon hours. Additionally, some publications suggest the existence of secondary peaks of incidence in the evening hours. There also seems to be a relationship between night hours and the occurrence of myocardial infarctions in patients with sleep apnea. Although the risk of myocardial infarction is highest in the morning, there are differences depending on the region and population which might indicate the influence of local and individual factors on the circadian rhythm of the disease.Objective:To analyze circadian variation of STEMI first chest pain onset occurence on one of the largest populations tested so far and to see if there is an association with time delays to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI).Methods:Data from the Polish National PCI Registry (ORPKI Registry) on patients with confirmed STEMI diagnosis who underwent either coronary angiography and/or PCI from 2014 untill 2022 were analyzed.Results:There were 153 543 individual patients in the analyzed time period with 68% of males. Circadian variation in the probablity of STEMI occurence in both men and women is presented in Figure 1 (p >0.05). Median time from chest pain onset to first medical contact (FMC) was 180 minutes (60-260; 95% CI) at 3 am and 90 minutes (59-196; 95% CI) at 1 pm respectively (p

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4144944-A4144944, November 12, 2024. Background:The American Heart Association’s (AHA) Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) concept serves as a quantitative framework for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH). Post-operative coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients are at high-risk for subsequent cardiovascular events (CVE). However, LE8 scores for post-procedural CABG or PCI patients remain unknown.Methods:Isolated post-operative CABG (n=208) or PCI (n=739) non-institutionalized patients from the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) All of Us (AoU) Research Program (2017-2022) were included. LE8 scores (range 0-100, higher = better CVH; excluding diet metric) were calculated using methods recommended by the AHA. Physical activity and sleep metrics were derived from patients’ Fitbit data, while all other metrics were sourced from electronic health records (EHR).Results:Overall LE8 scores for post-operative CABG (57.9 [95% CI: 56.6-59.2]) and PCI patients (55.3 [54.4-56.1]) were significantly lower than that of the general population (65.9 [65.1-66.7] (p