Risultati per: Sviluppo di un test meno invasivo per la malattia infiammatoria intestinale

To the Editor The systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by Roddy Mitchell et al provides new evidence on the epidemiology of perinatal depression (PD) in low- and middle-income countries. The pooled prevalence of PD in this study was 24.7%. However, rates were higher in studies that used self-report screening tools (25.3%) compared with diagnostic interviews (17.8%). More than 90% of the studies used a self-report screening instrument, predominantly the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), but none of them adjusted apparent prevalence estimates (the ones derived by applying thresholds of screening instruments) to true prevalence estimates (the ones incorporating uncertainty of the screening instruments). We have reanalyzed the results of this study by applying bayesian adjustment to correct apparent to true prevalence estimates.

In Reply We thank Pacheco and colleagues for their interest in our article. Most of the prevalence estimates we report in our systematic review and meta-analysis were derived from screening tools applied to large populations (most commonly the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). They present a subanalysis, recalculating the prevalence for depression where they account for the presumed screening performance of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (ie, sensitivity and specificity), and they include a bayesian adjustment.

Miglioramenti nel comportamento degli animali

Miglioramenti nel comportamento degli animali

Se scarso si associa al rischio ritardi

Se scarso si associa al rischio ritardi

Introduction
Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) blood tests look for cancer signals in cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid. These tests have the potential to detect cancers at an earlier (asymptomatic) stage, improving cancer outcomes. Any screening method needs careful consideration of the psychological harms prior to implementation. The aim of this research is to explore the psychological impact of having a cancer signal detected following an MCED blood test.

Methods and analysis
The project is embedded in the NHS-Galleri trial (ISRCTN91431511; NCT05611632), a large clinical trial in eight Cancer Alliances in England. In the trial, over 140 000 members of the general population aged 50–77 have been randomised 1:1 to either the intervention (blood tested with MCED test) or control (blood stored) arm. The proposed project focuses on participants in the intervention arm, who have a cancer signal detected. All participants who have a cancer signal detected (expected to be around 700 assuming a 1% test positive rate) will be sent a questionnaire at three timepoints: soon after receiving their result, 6 months and approximately 12 months later. The primary outcome is anxiety, assessed using the short-form 6-item Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory. We will also assess the psychological consequences of screening (using the Psychological Consequences of Screening Questionnaire), reassurance/concern about the test result, understanding of results and help/health-seeking behaviour. A subsample of 40 participants (20 with a cancer diagnosis and 20 for whom no cancer was found) will be invited to take part in a one-to-one semistructured interview.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval for this work has been granted by the Wales Research Ethics Committee as part of the NHS-Galleri trial (Ref 21/WA/0141). Consent to be sent questionnaires is collected as part of the main trial. A separate consent form will be required for interview. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.

Introduction
Two blood brain-derived biomarkers, glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), can rule out intracranial lesions in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) when assessed within the first 12 hours. Most elderly patients were excluded from previous studies due to comorbidities. Biomarker use in elderly population could be affected by increased basal levels. This study will assess the performance of an automated test for measuring serum GFAP and UCH-L1 in elderly patients to predict the absence of intracranial lesions on head CT scans after mTBI, and determine both biomarkers reference values in a non-TBI elderly population.

Methods and analysis
This is a prospective multicentre observational study on elderly patients (≥65 years) that will be performed in Spain, France and Germany. Two patient groups will be included in two independent substudies. (1) A cohort of 2370 elderly patients (1185

Per metà dei pazienti, patologia bloccata per almeno un anno

Più colpiti aspetti come la socialità, la disciplina e il linguaggio

A Milano sinergia fra chirurghi di San Raffaele e Policlinico

A Milano sinergia fra chirurghi di San Raffaele e Policlinico

Starting in July 2024, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) will begin piloting the Making Care Primary Model at organizations in 8 states—Colorado, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, and Washington. In addition to improving care coordination, helping primary care clinicians connect with specialists, and strengthening connections with community-based organizations, the approach will likely reduce health care costs, the agency said in a statement.