Sex Differences in the Pre- and In-Hospital Setting of Patients With Stroke Are Driven by Higher Age and Stroke Severity

Stroke, Ahead of Print. BACKGROUND:Sex critically determines stroke pathophysiology and recovery. To reveal potential gaps in stroke care, we analyzed sex-specific differences in the stroke patient hospital admission and treatment process.METHODS:In this single-center retrospective analysis, we screened all patients referred to our stroke center between 2014 and 2020 with suspicion of stroke (n=7112). Patients with different cerebrovascular events and stroke mimics were included. We collected demographic hospitalization and 90-day follow-up data and stratified results according to sex. In a logistic regression analysis for 90-day functional outcome, we estimated the effect of sex corrected for the clinically most relevant confounders.RESULTS:Of 7102 patients, 56.7% were male and 43.3% female. Women were older (median, 76.3 years; interquartile range (IQR), 64–84, versus 70.7; IQR, 59–79;P

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Ottobre 2024

How do parents experience video triage when seeking care for their acute ill children? A qualitative study in a Danish out-of-hours primary care setting

Objective
The objective is to explore parents’ experiences with telephone contacts to out-of-hours primary care (OOH-PC) that include use of one-way video (video triage).

Design
A qualitative interview study using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach.

Setting
OOH-PC in the Central Denmark Region.

Participants
A convenience sampling strategy was used to include parents of young children (aged 1–5 years), who received video triage in OOH-PC: nine women and one man aged 31–42 years. Data were collected from 26 April to 23 May 2023.

Results
Three main themes were developed, each containing two subthemes: Theme 1. Video triage accelerates diagnostic clarity and prompt action, enhancing feeling of safety: Parents experienced that video triage provided faster diagnostic clarification than telephone triage. The visual assessment in video triage reduced uncertainties of describing symptoms and increased the parents’ feeling of safety. Theme 2. Video triage changed the communicative and relational behaviour: Parents found video triage impersonal as it focused on the physical examination. The conversation before activation of video was found important, as it established a feeling of trust and reassurance. Theme 3. Experiences of presence and involvement in video triage: Parents found their active involvement in video triage challenging, as it required divided attention and shared responsibility.

Conclusions
Our study indicates the importance of paying attention to the changes in communication and consultation processes afforded by the implementation of one-way video triage. One-way video triage is experienced as a valuable tool for examination, yet it is also perceived to impair the building of trust in the patient–physician relationship.

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Ottobre 2024

Road to Recovery: protocol for a mixed-methods prospective cohort study evaluating the impact of a new model of substance use care in a Canadian setting

Introduction
The Road to Recovery (R2R) Initiative is an innovative model of substance use care that seeks to increase treatment capacity by creating approximately 100 new addiction treatment beds to provide on-demand addiction care in Vancouver, British Columbia, for patients with substance use disorders. The new model also coordinates the region’s existing clinical substance use services to support patients across a care continuum that includes traditional office-based addiction treatment and harm reduction services, early withdrawal management and more intensive abstinence-based treatment programming. To understand the impact of offering on-demand and coordinated substance use care, an observational cohort of individuals who access any R2R clinical service will be created to examine health and social outcomes over time.

Methods and analysis
This prospective mixed-methods study will invite individuals from Vancouver, Canada, who access substance use treatment through the R2R model of care to (1) complete a baseline and 12-month follow-up quantitative questionnaire that solicits sociodemographic, substance use and previous addiction treatment data and (2) provide consent to the use of participants’ personal identifiers to access health records for chart review and for annual linkage to select health and administrative databases to allow for ongoing (virtual) community follow-up over 5 years. Additionally, a purposive sample of cohort participants will be invited to participate in baseline and 12-month follow-up qualitative interviews to share their experiences accessing R2R and identify challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of R2R.

Ethics and dissemination
The study was approved by the University of British Columbia Providence Health Care Research Ethics Board in September 2023. Results from the proposed study will be published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at national and international scientific conferences and disseminated through regular meetings with policymakers, individuals with lived and living experience, and other high-level stakeholders, academic presentations and lay media.

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Settembre 2024