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This Medical News story discusses new USPSTF recommendations about the timing of screening mammograms.

Stricturing Crohn’s disease (CD), a consequence of fibrosis occurring during chronic unresolved gut inflammation, is a common problem in clinical praxis for which we currently lack targeted medical therapy.1 Patients typically present with obstructive bowel symptoms and radiographic signs of a stricture that is commonly (but not exclusively) located in the terminal ileum or at the ileocecal valve.2 Histopathology of the stricture reveals CD features, such as submucosal fibrosis by excess extracellular matrix deposition, fibromuscular hyperplasia, chronic transmural inflammation and epithelioid granulomas that are often associated with creeping fat in the resection specimen.3 Creeping fat is partially driven by translocation of mucosal-associated gut bacteria,4 and fibronectin-mediated communication by muscle cells of the nearby bowel wall.5 Moreover, several mediators such as transforming growth factor β, and the family of interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and IL-36 cytokines promote gut fibrosis, while…

People with increased polygenic risk scores for higher body mass index (BMI) would need to walk about 2300 more steps each day to have the same risk of obesity as those with lower scores, a recent retrospective study in JAMA Network Open found. Polygenic risk scores reflect the risk of disease determined by many variants in a person’s DNA. The results suggest that exercise recommendations that don’t take genetic predispositions for obesity into account might underestimate the amount of activity individuals might need to reduce their risk, the researchers noted.