Risultati per: Acidi grassi Omega-3 e Omega-6 associati a un rischio inferiore di cancro

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Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4140072-A4140072, November 12, 2024. Introduction:Icosapent ethyl (IE), an ethyl ester derivative of eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), and omega-3 acid ethyl esters, an ethyl ester derivative of both EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are approved as adjunct to statin therapy for reducing MACE in patients with elevated triglyceride levels. There are concerns regarding atrial fibrillation (AF) risk associated with IE. This study aims to assess the incidence of AF while receiving IE versus omega-3-acid ethyl esters (DHA/EPA), both alongside baseline statin therapy.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, we used data from the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims and Medicare Supplemental Databases (2013-2021). Adult patients on statin therapy who initiated either IE or DHA/EPA were identified using outpatient dispensing records. Patients with an AF diagnosis during the one-year baseline period were excluded. Patients were followed for up to two years to assess the incidence of AF. Censoring occurred if there was treatment discontinuation, switching between treatments, end of enrollment, or end of the study. Patients experiencing events or being censored within the first 30 days were also excluded. Propensity score matching was used to create comparable groups, with exact matching on time periods (2013-2015, 2016-2018, and 2019-2021). Using Cox proportional hazard regression model, we calculated hazards ratio of the onset of AF for IE versus DHA/EPA.Results:The analytic cohort consisted of 17,638 matched pairs. Patients in both groups had a median age of 56 years. Male patients accounted for a 65.7% of the IE group and 64.5% of the DHA/EPA group. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors were well matched between both groups. The 2-year cumulative incidence of AF for IE and DHA/EPA groups were 5.322% and 3.994%, respectively, resulting in a HR of 1.257 [95% CI,1.159-1.364], p=0.0032. (Figure 1)Conclusions:IE is associated with a higher risk of AF compared to DHA/EPA combined products, indicating the need for careful risk-benefit discussion between clinicians and patients considering IE therapy.

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4141774-A4141774, November 12, 2024. Background:Numerous studies evaluating the effects of consumption of omega-3 fatty acids (ω3FAs) and omega-6 fatty acids (ω6FAs) on the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have yielded inconsistent results. In addition, the association between ω3FAs/ω6FAs and CVD has been suggested to vary with the daily intake levels of fatty acids among individuals. On the other hand, the longitudinal associations between plasma ω3FAs/ω6FAs and arterial stiffness, which is a predictor of CVD, have not been well elucidated.Hypothesis:We hypothesized that plasma ω3FAs are associated with the suppression of age-related increases in arterial stiffness, whereas plasma ω6FAs are associated with an increase in arterial stiffness.Aims:The objective of this study is to fill the existing research gap by investigating the longitudinal association between plasma ω3FAs/ω6FAs and arterial stiffness in a Japanese people, known for their higher intake of marine products.Methods:This prospective observational study included 2520 healthy Japanese participants (mean age:43.1±8.7y, men:83.1%) who underwent repeated annual health check-ups from 2008 to 2013. Participants with a history of CVD or treatment for CVD risk factors were excluded. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and plasma ω3FAs [docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)]/ω6FAs [arachidonic acid (AA), dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA)] were evaluated by gas chromatography. The longitudinal association between plasma ω3FAs/ω6FAs and baPWV was evaluated by a linear mixed model adjusted for conventional CVD risk factors.Results:During a median follow-up of 5 years (IQR 4-5 years), 11034 baPWV measurements were performed. The linear mix model adjusted for conventional CVD risk factors revealed that both higher plasma AA and DGLA levels were significantly associated with an increase in baPWV (1SD increase in AA; β=12±3, 1SD increase in DGLA; β=14±3, both P

Circulation, Volume 150, Issue Suppl_1, Page A4138953-A4138953, November 12, 2024. Background:Oral inflammation is thought to affect systemic atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms are unclear. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is an inflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in coronary plaque rupture as well as periodontitis by mediating periodontal destruction and inflammation. Blood levels of the omega-3 fatty acids have been inversely associated with systemic inflammation and coronary plaque volume, but their impact on oral inflammation requires further study.Objective:To examine the relationship between salivary levels of TNF-α, plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and coronary plaque.Methods:Salivary TNF-α was measured in gingival crevicular fluid in 199 patients with clinical coronary artery disease on statin therapy. Fatty, fibrous and noncalcified coronary plaque volumes were measured using coronary CT angiography. The plasma omega-3 fatty acid index was the sum of EPA and DHA of total plasma fatty acids. Linear regression estimated the association between TNF-α, omega-3 fatty acid index and coronary plaque volumes.Results:Mean age was 62.7±7.5 years; mean LDL-C was 78.2±28.9 mg/dL, and median triglyceride was 119 [80.5,165.0] mg/dL. Higher salivary TNF-α was independently associated with a lower plasma omega-3 fatty acid index (Table 1). Moreover, higher salivary TNF-α was independently associated with higher fatty, fibrous, and noncalcified plaque volumes after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, triglyceride, LDL-C, diabetes status, diastolic blood pressure, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (Table 2).Conclusions:The inverse relationship between salivary TNF-α and the plasma omega-3 fatty acid index and direct relationship with fatty plaque suggests that maintaining high blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in lowering oral inflammation and amount of fatty plaque, thus, potentially decreasing risk for acute coronary syndromes.