Search Results for: I numeri del cancro in Italia 2019

Studio della Società italiana di medicina Interna

Objectives
The global disease burden of Salmonella infections in 2017 included 135 900 deaths caused by Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi and 77 500 deaths caused by invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella, with increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) exacerbating morbidity, mortality and costs. The aim of our systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the length of hospital stay and associated treatment costs for patients with susceptible and antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhi, Paratyphi and non-typhoidal Salmonella infections.

Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources
We searched EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Hinari and LILACS databases for studies published between 1 January 2005 and 15 May 2024, with no language restrictions.

Eligibility criteria
We included 30 studies that reported the length of hospital stay or treatment costs for patients with susceptible or antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhi, Paratyphi and non-typhoidal Salmonella infections. We excluded studies with sample sizes of less than 30 patients, those focused on non-human subjects and those not reporting our outcomes of interest.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data on the length of hospital stay and associated costs, with monetary values converted to 2019 USD. We aggregated data according to GDP per capita quantiles using a random-effects meta-analysis. We conducted a quality assessment using an adapted Joanna Briggs Institute tool.

Results
Patients with drug-resistant Salmonella infections had longer hospital stays, with an additional 0.5–2.2 days compared with drug-susceptible Salmonella infections. Based on our meta-analysis, the mean hospital stay for typhoidal Salmonella infections was 6.4 days (95% CI 4.9 to 7.8) for drug-susceptible cases and 8.4 days (95% CI 5.1 to 11.7) for resistant cases in the lowest income quartiles. While there were insufficient data to perform a pooled analysis, individual studies inferred that treatment costs for resistant typhoidal Salmonella infections were higher than for susceptible infections, and resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella infections had longer hospital stays and higher costs compared with susceptible infections. Data were scarce from high-Salmonella-burden countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia.

Conclusions
Patients with antibiotic-resistant Salmonella infections experience a greater healthcare burden in terms of hospitalisation length and direct costs compared with those with susceptible infections. We highlight the economic burden of AMR in Salmonella infections and emphasise the need for preventive measures.

Altems, calano anche accessi e aumentano medici (EMBARGO ORE 15)

Consentirà di personalizzare cure sin dal momento della diagnosi

14 milioni gli over-65 in Italia, ‘incentivare la radiologia geriatrica, al via corsi nelle regioni’

Objectives
This study aims to assess positive and negative religious coping (PRC, NRC) in a sample of Moroccan women with breast cancer (BC) and examine the association with depression, anxiety, cancer clinical data and sociodemographic variables.

Design
We conducted a cross-sectional study.

Setting
The oncology departments of the public oncology hospital in the city of Fez, Morocco.

Participants
209 patients newly diagnosed with BC before receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 2019 to 2023.

Outcome measures
Primary end-point variables included positive and negative religious coping, depression and anxiety. Secondary outcomes included demographic data and disease-related information.

Results
The patients, with a mean age of 47.43±9.45 years, had high PRC scores (26.87±3.12). Based on multiple linear regression, PRC was negatively associated with delay in diagnosis (discovery of first symptoms after more than 12 months), β=–0.19 (95% CI=–1.97 to –0.27; p=0.01). For NRC, there was a significant association with progesterone receptor β=0.14 (95% CI=0.08 to 1.12; p=0.02) and a positive association with psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total score) β=0.42 (95% CI=0.07 to 0.14; p≤0.001).

Conclusion
Women with BC may benefit from a holistic approach that integrates positive religious coping patterns. This approach should take into account the determinants identified in this study and identify any negative religious coping strategies that may have an adverse effect on patients’ mental health.

In campo squadre dei Centri oncoematologia pediatrica d’Italia

In un anno i casi aumentati del 30%, in Italia 13 attacchi gravi

Attivato dall’Ail a Foggia:”primi in Italia vicini a difficoltà”

In Italia le nuove diagnosi di tumori del sangue sono ogni anno 30mila. Di queste, circa 1.100 riguardano bambini e adolescenti. Complessivamente sono 500mila le persone che convivono con i…

Gruppo allevatori cinofili, banca dati nazionale ferma da 2 anni

Iss, in piscina 52% bimbi sotto i 12 anni.Un video per prevenire

Ail rafforza sostegno a progetti su Car-T e qualità della vita

Stroke, Ahead of Print. BACKGROUND:Defining the risk of developing major bleeding, especially intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), or ischemic stroke (IS) in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy is crucial. Existing risk prediction tools would inadequately assess the net clinical benefit of antithrombotic therapy. We aimed to develop novel risk scores incorporating covert vascular brain injury to personalize the risk assessment of major bleeding, ICH, and IS in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy.METHODS:The prospective, multicenter, observational study (BAT2 [Bleeding With Antithrombotic Therapy Study-2]) enrolled patients receiving oral antiplatelets or anticoagulants from 52 hospitals across Japan between 2016 and 2019. Multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed at baseline under prespecified conditions to determine cerebral small vessel disease (white matter hyperintensity, cerebral microbleed, lacune, enlarged perivascular space, and cortical superficial siderosis), nonlacunar infarct, and intracranial artery disease with central reading. Risk scores, collectively termed the BAT2 scores, were developed separately to evaluate the comparative risks of (1) major bleeding, (2) ICH, and (3) IS based on covariates from Cox proportional hazards models and clinical relevance. Model performance was assessed with the Harrell C-index and calibration slope adjusted for optimism via bootstrapping.RESULTS:Of 5378 patients enrolled, 5250 were analyzed (mean age, 71±11 years, 33% women); 93 experienced major bleeding, including 55 had ICH, and 197 had IS during a median follow-up of 2.0 years. Predictors for bleeding included age, underweight, renal impairment, hypertension, cerebral microbleed, lacune, and antithrombotic treatment type. Predictors for ICH further included deep white matter hyperintensity but not renal impairment. For IS, predictors included age, renal impairment, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, lacune, cerebral microbleed, nonlacunar infarct, and intracranial artery disease. Prediction performance showed optimism-adjusted C-index and calibration slope of 0.69 (95% CI, 0.64–0.74) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.62–1.06) for bleeding, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.67–0.80) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.56–1.02) for ICH, and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.60–0.68) and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.73–1.18) for IS.CONCLUSIONS:The BAT2 scores may help optimize the balance between risks and benefits of antithrombotic therapy.REGISTRATION:URL:https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02889653. URL:https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr; Unique identifier: UMIN000023669.

Purpose
Breastfeeding is beneficial to the health of both the mother and infant. Despite recommendations to breastfeed by organisations including the WHO and the American Academy of Pediatrics, rates of breastfeeding remain below public health goals. The Mother and Infant Metabolome and Microbiome (MIMM) study is a prospective cohort study of healthy mother-term infant dyads designed to comprehensively assess the perinatal, maternal, neonatal and infant factors that are associated with breastfeeding outcomes and human milk composition.

Participants
MIMM participants were recruited from two medical centres in Boston, Massachusetts, from 2019 to 2023 and are followed for 2 years. Dyads were included if the mother delivered a singleton infant at ≥37 weeks’ gestation, was discharged home

Objectives
To examine the association between cigarette price increase and youth smoking initiation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), and to assess additional factors—including parental smoking, peer influence, pocket money, anti-tobacco media exposure and smoking in school environments—that potentially affect smoking initiation among adolescents.

Design
A pseudopanel study using WHO Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data from two compatible surveys conducted in 2018 (Republic of Srpska) and 2019 (Federation of B&H). A split-population duration model was employed to estimate the hazard of youth smoking initiation.

Setting
Primary and secondary schools across two entities in B&H, covering both urban and rural areas.

Participants
A total of 9702 students aged 13–15 years completed the surveys. Inclusion criteria involved being enrolled in grades 7–9 of primary school or the first year of secondary school. No additional exclusion criteria were applied beyond incomplete or invalid survey responses.

Interventions
None.

Primary outcome measure
Self-reported smoking initiation, defined as having tried or experimented with cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs.

Results
A 10% increase in cigarette prices was associated with a 4.9% reduction in the probability of youth smoking initiation (price elasticity of –0.491, p