Multinational trends in sepsis mortality between 1985 and 2019: a temporal analysis of the WHO Mortality Database

Objectives
Understanding the burden of disease of sepsis is essential for monitoring the effectiveness of international strategies to improve sepsis care. Our objective was to describe the multinational trend of sepsis-related mortality for the period 1985–2019 from the WHO Mortality Database.

Design
Retrospective analysis of the WHO Mortality Database.

Setting
We included data from all countries defined by the WHO as having ‘high usability data’ and at least 10 years of total available data.

Participants
From the WHO list of 50 countries with high usability data, 14 (28%) were excluded due to excessive missingness. We included and analysed data separately for male and female.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
We analysed age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) (weighted average of the age-specific mortality rates per 100 000 people, where the weights are the proportions of people in the corresponding age groups of the WHO standard population).

Results
We included 1104 country-years worth of data from 36 countries with high usability data, accounting for around 15% of the world’s population. The median ASMR for men decreased from 37.8 deaths/100 000 (IQR 28.4–46.7) in 1985–1987 to 25.8 deaths/100 000 (IQR 19.2–37) in 2017–2019, an approximately 12% absolute (31.8% relative) decrease. For women, the overall ASMR decreased from 22.9 deaths/100 000 (IQR 17.7–32.2) to 16.2 deaths/100 000 (IQR 12.6–21.6), an approximately 6.7% absolute decrease (29.3% relative decrease). The analysis of country-level data revealed wide variations in estimates and trends.

Conclusions
We observed a decrease in reported sepsis-related mortality across the majority of analysed nations between 1985 and 2019. However, significant variability remains between gender and health systems. System-level and population-level factors may contribute to these differences, and additional investigations are necessary to further explain these trends.

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Settembre 2024

Non-uptake of dual protective polio vaccine and its determinants among children in Ethiopia using Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2019: a mixed-effect model

Introduction
The polio vaccine is the live-attenuated antigen that prevents poliomyelitis. According to a report by the WHO, about 1 million less than 5-year-old children missed the polio vaccination from 2018 to 2021. Even though Ethiopia is the most prioritised country for polio eradication, there is not enough evidence about the combined oral and inactivated vaccine in Ethiopia.

Objective
To assess the non-uptake of the dual protective polio vaccine and its determinants among children in Ethiopia using the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2019.

Methods
The secondary data analysis of a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using EDHS 2019 data among 3094 participants. Mixed-effects binary logistic regression was used for descriptive analysis and identifying the predictors using a p value of

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Agosto 2024