Risultati per: I numeri del cancro in Italia 2019

Lo indica la circolare aggiornata del ministero della Salute

Tossicologa, nel 70% non fa gravi danni

Il ministero della Salute: ‘situazione sotto controllo’

Report: ‘Urgente un piano coordinato, rischio di diffusione dell’epidemia’

13 morti da luglio 2023, più a rischio bimbi con meno di 1 anno

Il 2023 anno migliore di sempre. Prima la Spagna. I dati del Cnt

Objective
To quantify inequalities in lifespan across multiple social determinants of health, how they act in tandem with one another, and to create a scoring system that can accurately identify subgroups of the population at high risk of mortality.

Design
Comparison of life tables across 54 subpopulations defined by combinations of four social determinants of health: sex, marital status, education and race, using data from the Multiple Cause of Death dataset and the American Community Survey.

Setting
United States, 2015–2019.

Main outcome measures
We compared the partial life expectancies (PLEs) between age 30 and 90 years of all subpopulations. We also developed a scoring system to identify subgroups at high risk of mortality.

Results
There is an 18.0-year difference between the subpopulations with the lowest and highest PLE. Differences in PLE between subpopulations are not significant in most pairwise comparisons. We visually illustrate how the PLE changes across social determinants of health. There is a complex interaction among social determinants of health, with no single determinant fully explaining the observed variation in lifespan. The proposed scoring system adds clarification to this interaction by yielding a single score that can be used to identify subgroups that might be at high risk of mortality. A similar scoring system by cause of death was also created to identify which subgroups could be considered at high risk of mortality from specific causes. Even if subgroups have similar mortality levels, they are often subject to different cause-specific mortality risks.

Conclusions
Having one characteristic associated with higher mortality is often not sufficient to be considered at high risk of mortality, but the risk increases with the number of such characteristics. Reducing inequalities is vital for societies, and better identifying individuals and subgroups at high risk of mortality is necessary for public health policy.

Secondo l’Oms, questa neoplasia miete ogni anno più vittime dei tumori al colon, al seno e al fegato messi insieme

Objectives
To evaluate the extent and trends of personal payments from pharmaceutical companies to cardiologists board-certified by the Japanese Circulation Society.

Design
A retrospective analysis study using data from a publicly available database.

Setting
The study focused on payments to cardiologists in Japan.

Participants
All 15 048 cardiologists who were board-certified by the Japanese Circulation Society as of 2021.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
The primary outcome was the extent of personal payments to cardiologists in 2016–19. Secondary outcomes included the analysis of trends in these payments over the same period.

Results
Of all 15 048 board-certified cardiologists, 9858 (65.5%) received personal payments totaling $112 934 503 entailing 165 013 transactions in 2016–19. The median payment per cardiologist was $2947 (IQR, $1022–$8787), with a mean of $11 456 (SD, $35 876). The Gini Index was 0.840, indicating a high concentration of payments to a small number of cardiologists. The top 1%, 5% and 10% of cardiologists received 31.6%, 59.4% and 73.5% of all payments, respectively. There were no significant trends in the number of cardiologists receiving payments or number of payments per cardiologist during the study period.

Conclusions
More than 65% of Japanese cardiologists received personal payments from pharmaceutical companies over the 4-year study period. Although the payment amount was relatively small for the majority of cardiologists, a small number of cardiologists received the vast majority of the payments.

Scopo del progetto, del valore di 10 milioni di euro di cui 3,8 finanziati da Regione Lombardia, è l’aggiornamento tecnologico del sincrotrone per produrre elio, ossigeno e litio

Objectives
The aim of this analysis was to investigate the worldwide distribution and trends in the burden of female infertility (FI).

Design and setting
Analysis of cross-sectional data from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019.

Participants
Adults aged 20–49 years in various geographical regions, Sociodemographic Index (SDI) levels and populations across 204 countries worldwide.

Outcome measures
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardised DALY rates and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for FI over the research period.

Results
The global burden of FI, as measured by DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates among adults aged 20–49 years, exhibited an upward trend from 1990 to 2019. Regions such as Tropical Latin America (EAPC: 3.76, 95% CI 2.76 to 4.77), South Asia (EAPC: 1.74, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.48) and Andean Latin America (EAPC: 8.54, 95% CI 6.79 to 10.32) had higher DALYs. The age-standardised DALY rates notably increased in low-middle-SDI and low-SDI countries, with EAPCs of 1.42 (95% CI 0.76 to 2.10) and 1.25 (95% CI 0.30 to 2.21), respectively. Despite lower overall DALYs in high-SDI countries, they experienced the highest EAPC in DALYs (1.57, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.83) during the period 1990–2019. China and India consistently had the highest DALYs for FI globally in both 1990 and 2019, while Africa and Latin America bore a significantly greater burden of the disease compared with other regions.

Conclusion
The GBD Study data on FI among adults aged 20–49 years revealed a rising global trend in FI from 1990 to 2019, with notable variations across different regions.

Objectives
The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing owing to the ageing population, resulting in an increased demand for dialysis and kidney transplantation, which can be costly. Current research lacks clarity regarding the relationship between residence setting and CKD prevalence or its related risk factors. This study explored the urban–rural disparities in CKD prevalence and risk factors in Taiwan. Our findings will aid the understanding of the distribution of CKD and the design of more effective prevention programmes.

Design
This cross-sectional community-based study used the Renal Value Evaluation Awareness and Lift programme, which involves early screening and health education for CKD diagnosis and treatment. CKD prevalence and risk factors including alcohol consumption, smoking and betel nut chewing were compared between urban and rural areas.

Setting
Urbanisation levels were determined based on population density, education, age, agricultural population and medical resources.

Participants
A total of 7786 participants from 26 urban and 15 rural townships were included.

Results
The prevalence of CKD was significantly higher in rural (29.2%) than urban (10.8%) areas, representing a 2.7-fold difference (p

Annals of Internal Medicine, Volume 177, Issue 9, Page 1157-1169, September 2024.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.