Risultati per: Progressi nel trattamento della psoriasi: review

Introduction
Medical comorbidity at diagnosis is associated with treatment outcome in cancer. The aim of this project is to synthesise the evidence on the association between medical comorbidities and paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma outcomes.

Methods and analysis
A systematic review of the literature will be conducted by developing a search strategy that will combine medical subject headings and natural language key words related to acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or lymphoma, medical comorbidities and treatment-related outcomes. We will search MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify studies in human subjects and written in English from the inception of each database to 30 September 2022. Two authors will independently screen the titles and abstracts of retrieved studies based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify potentially eligible studies. Full-text articles of eligible studies and final included articles will be retrieved and reviewed in a similar manner by two independent reviewers. Data extraction from included articles will be conducted independently by two authors using a standardised data extraction form. Risk of bias in the included studies will be assessed using existing relevant tools. A narrative and tabular summary of the data, including outcomes, will be provided if the data do not warrant a meta-analysis. If a meta-analysis is feasible, we will pool all the effect estimates. Heterogeneity among study effect sizes will be tested with Cochran’s Q test and quantified by the I2 statistic.

Ethics and dissemination
This study will not include the collection of original data, but it will be a summary of aggregate existing data. Thus, ethics approval is not applicable. The findings of the study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42022366669.

Objectives
To systematically estimate the prevalence and influencing factors of fear of disease progression (FoP) in patients who had a stroke, with a focus on China.

Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational clinical studies.

Data sources
Eight databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), CBM, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase) were searched from inception to March 2024, supplemented by manual reference screening.

Eligibility criteria
Cross-sectional studies reporting FoP incidence or influencing factors in Chinese stroke patients using the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form scale were included.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data and assessed study quality using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality tool (score range: 0–11 points). Random-effects models were applied to address substantial heterogeneity. Stata 17.0 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results
A total of 20 studies (15 medium-quality, 5 high-quality) involving 7156 patients were included. The pooled incidence of FoP in Chinese stroke patients was 56% (95% CI=45% to 66%), derived from a random-effects model despite significant between-study heterogeneity (I²= 98.7%), with subgroup analyses and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirming result robustness. Subgroup analysis revealed that the incidence was highest in East China (70%, 95% CI=56% to 83%), followed by Central China (55%, 95% CI=36% to 73%) and North China (43%, 95% CI=38% to 47%). The incidence of FoP in haemorrhagic stroke (72%, 95% CI=49% to 95%) was higher than that in ischaemic stroke (45%, 95% CI=27% to 64%). The incidence of FoP after 2020 (59%, 95% CI=48% to 70%) was higher than that before 2020 (40%, 95% CI=32% to 47%). Meta-regression identified publication year (p=0.004) and research region (p=0.001) as key heterogeneity sources. The main influencing factors of FoP in Chinese stroke patients included age (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.92 to 0.97, p

Introduction
Malaria hotspots have been the focus of public health managers during the last two decades because of the potential elimination gains that can be obtained by targeting them. Advances in spatial technologies in the 20th century such as geographic information systems, remotely sensed satellite data on climate and ecology, and statistical methods for spatial cluster detection have enhanced our ability to map fine-scale patterns of malaria transmission. This led to the diversification of analytical approaches and a lack of consensus on methods and standardised indicators for malaria hotspot detection, raising challenges for comparing and synthesising findings across different studies. This review aims to fill this gap by identifying and summarising all publicly available peer-reviewed articles on spatial and spatio-temporal analytical approaches used to detect malaria hotspots while highlighting research gaps.

Methods
This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute Framework. A comprehensive search will be conducted in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase using keywords related to malaria, hotspots and detection. Retrieved articles published between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2024 in English or French will be uploaded to Covidence for screening. Empirical studies that apply spatial or spatio-temporal analytical methods to detect malaria hotspots will be included. Studies will be excluded if they rely solely on geographical visualisation without formal spatial analysis. Data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers, with disagreements resolved by discussion. Data will be summarised using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

Ethics and dissemination
This scoping review will involve the secondary analysis of published literature on malaria hotspot analysis; therefore, ethics approval is not required. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews checklist will be used to ensure transparency and methodological rigour in reporting. The findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences via abstracts, oral or poster presentations.

Trial egistration number
This review has been registered on the Open Science Framework under the DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/C8KUN.

High-certainty evidence supported the therapeutic and secondary preventive benefits of colchicine in patients with ASCVD when dose and duration were appropriately controlled. Future studies could focus on identifying ASCVD subgroups with pharmacogenomic and ethnographic predictors of colchicine response heterogeneity to guide precision therapy.

This meta-analysis provides an up-to-date comprehensive global overview that cancer survivors had increased risk of CVD and 17 CVD subtypes than non-cancer controls. CVD risk evaluation and management need to be prioritized in cancer survivors, particularly among male, younger, and specific cancer survivors (brain, hematological, respiratory, male genital, and breast). This study provides supporting evidence that may inform future updates to guidelines for CVD prevention in cancer survivors, highlighting its public health relevance.

Introduction
Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) poses a serious threat to the quality of life and survival of patients, and systemic antibiotic therapy is effective and plays a pivotal role in the management of patients with DFO without amputation. However, the optimal duration of systemic antibiotic therapy is not clear. We aim to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess the efficacy and safety of different durations of antibiotic therapy for patients with DFO without amputation.

Methods and analysis
We will search multiple databases, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP database, Wanfang Data, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed. The outcome indicators are remission rate, time needed for complete wound healing, major amputation rates and the rate of antibiotic-related adverse events. Risk of bias will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. NMA will be performed using STATA/MP V.15.0. The surface under the cumulative ranking area will be calculated to rank each treatment.

Ethics and dissemination
This study is a systematic review protocol collecting data from published literature and does not require approval from an institutional review board. Results from this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42023486089.

Introduction
The first 3 months post partum is a critical transition period for women and families, which is characterised by physical, psychological and social adaptation. The first year post partum is also a critical phase for women’s health, given their physical recovery and adjustment to motherhood. The WHO 2023 recommendations highlight the importance of a postnatal care focus, including maternal health assessment, mental health support, nutritional interventions, postpartum contraceptive use and home care visits. This scoping review aims to map the evidence of the effectiveness of postpartum care on women’s health and quality of life in the Southeast Asia region.

Methods and analysis
This scoping review will be guided by the methodological principles developed by Arksey and O’Malley. This review will also consider observational studies, including cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies. For inclusion, studies should be selected for eligibility based on the following criteria: articles investigating the uptake of postpartum women (women who have had childbirth up to 42 days after delivery) in Southeast Asian countries. The search will comprise peer-reviewed articles from 2013 to 2023 from the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. We use both keywords in the title and/or abstract and subject headings as appropriate. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Protocols to develop the protocol and use the PRISMA flow diagram to present the results for scoping reviews.

Ethics and dissemination
A scoping review is a novel approach for examining the breadth of literature regarding the connection between the effectiveness of postpartum care and women’s health and quality of life and, as a secondary analysis, does not require ethics approval. The results of this review will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.

Introduction
The menopause transition is a critical period of life for women associated with a variety of symptoms that may impact health status and quality of life. Menopause education can improve menopause knowledge and self-efficacy, leading to the adaptation of self-management strategies that may reduce menopause symptom burden and enhance quality of life. The purpose of this review is to systematically evaluate the research on the effect of menopause education interventions among midlife women (age 35–55 years) on menopause knowledge, self-efficacy, symptoms and quality of life.

Methods and analysis
This protocol is guided by the 2015 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. We will comprehensively search for articles published from all publication years through December 2024 in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses, and Scopus. The search strategy will include the following key terms and Medical Subject Headings terms: ‘menopause’, ‘menopausal’, ‘menopause transition’, ‘climacteric’, ‘health promotion’, ‘health education’ and ‘patient education’. Eligible studies will be experimental or quasi-experimental and include midlife women (age 35–55 years) who have received a menopause education intervention. Studies must report on the impact of menopause education interventions on menopause knowledge, self-efficacy, symptoms or quality of life. Only peer-reviewed articles and dissertations in English and Spanish will be included. Behavioural interventions (diet, physical activity, yoga) and medical interventions will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently perform data extraction and assess study quality/risk of bias with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomised experimental studies (RoB2) and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool (ROBINS-I). A narrative approach will be used to synthesise findings.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not required for this systematic review of published literature. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal publications, presentations at professional scientific meetings and social media.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42024599106.

Introduction
The integration of dental services within the broader healthcare landscape is crucial for achieving integrated healthcare delivery. However, we lack a clear representation of the full spectrum of possible dental service integration, which is necessary for policymakers, healthcare system organisers, researchers, professionals and patients themselves to optimise organisations. Our present research aims to establish the foundation for a taxonomy of dental services that is fully integrated into the health domain, while minimising historical, cultural or epistemological biases.

Methods and analysis
This protocol outlines a scoping review that will adhere to the framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. It has also been registered on the Open Science Framework. The research team, including a patient representative, advocate and transdisciplinary researcher, who has been involved from the inception, describes a two-phase dynamic screening process. An initial search will be conducted in the PubMed database using a Boolean search strategy based on theoretical frameworks that view health through a biopsychosocial continuum. New taxa will be progressively identified, and in the second phase, we will develop a new search strategy based on the results obtained and will explore deeper into certain categories or subcategories of taxa. Iterative strategies may also involve using new databases and even grey literature. This process will be repeated until taxon saturation is achieved and will be updated prior to submission to capture the latest literature, ultimately resulting in a comprehensive taxonomy, at the scale of individual healthcare pathways (micro- and meso-levels of organisation).

Ethics and dissemination
This scoping review will analyse published secondary data and does not require ethical review. The findings will be disseminated through publication in scientific journals, presentation at conferences and sharing through professional networks.

Objective
Surgical site infections (SSI) after hysterectomy constitute significant postoperative complications, affecting patient recovery and healthcare costs. We conducted a systematic review of risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing hysterectomy.

Design
The current study conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to identify and summarise risk factors for SSI following hysterectomy.

Data sources
PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched through 1 November 2023.

Eligibility criteria
The inclusion criteria were (1) population: female participants who had post-hysterectomy SSI; (2) intervention: hysterectomy surgeries; (3) comparators: the number of participants who had or had not post-hysterectomy SSI; (4) outcomes: the number of participants exposed and not exposed to the risk factors of SSI. The exclusion criteria were (1) non-English studies and (2) studies that provided insufficient data.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers conducted the screening process independently. Articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. For those that met the criteria, full-text papers were procured. Any discrepancies between the reviewers were resolved through discussion. The meta-analysis synthesised risk factors reported in ≥4 datasets via random-effects models, assessing heterogeneity, sensitivity (leave-one-out), publication bias (Egger’s test/funnel plots) and subgroup analyses (incision types).

Results
Blood transfusion emerged as the largest risk factor (OR=2.55, 95% CI (1.84, 3.56)), followed by tumour presence (OR=2.23, 95% CI (1.86, 2.66)), obesity (OR=1.79, 95% CI (1.43, 2.23)), diabetes (OR=1.70, 95% CI (1.26, 2.29)) and tobacco use (OR=1.43, 95% CI (1.26, 1.63)). The ORs varied by incision type.

Conclusions
The study establishes blood transfusion, tumour presence, obesity, diabetes and tobacco use as significant risk factors for SSI after hysterectomy, with variations in risk evident across different incision types. The findings also suggest vaginal and laparoscopic hysterectomies as preferable alternatives to abdominal hysterectomy in mitigating SSI risk. Future research should aim for more granular data to untangle the interplay between comorbidities and further elucidate the differential risk across SSI types.

Introduction
Globally, the demand for community palliative care, delivered within the home setting, is rising. Hospice support workers, also referred to as healthcare assistants, play a crucial role in providing this care, but evidence indicates they face challenges relating to inadequate training, isolation and emotional labour. This realist review aims to understand how peer support interventions can support healthcare assistants in delivering hospice care at home.

Methods and analysis
The realist review will follow a five-step process to explore the research question: (1) locating existing initial programme theories, (2) searching for evidence, (3) selecting and appraising evidence, (4) extracting and organising data and (5) synthesising evidence and drawing conclusions. Comprehensive searches of academic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, AMED, Scopus) and grey literature sources will be conducted between November and December 2024, with no restrictions on publication date applied. Search strategies will be iteratively refined, with evidence selected based on relevance and rigour. Data will be extracted and coded using a realist logic model of analysis. The review will develop an explanatory programme theory for peer-to-peer interventions which would identify what, how, for whom, why and in what circumstances peer-to-peer interventions may support delivery of hospice care at home. It will explore the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of these interventions using context-mechanism-outcome configurations.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not required as the review involves no primary data collection. This review aims to clarify research gaps, inform next stages of a wider study, policy and practice. Reporting of the findings will adhere to RAMESES publication standards for realist syntheses, ensuring transparency and rigour in reporting. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and other strategies identified by the stakeholder group.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42024606133.

Introduction
Homelessness across the early life course poses a grave and largely preventable challenge. Those who experience homelessness early are at increased risk of a range of health, education and social inequities that can extend across the life course. Better understanding of the modifiable factors on the pathway to homelessness is needed to inform prevention at the earliest possible point in the life course and reduce the rate of child and adolescent homelessness at the population level. Here we address this gap in real-time knowledge by establishing a living systematic review of population studies of social determinants of homelessness from childhood to adolescence.

Methods and analysis
We will search MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed and PsycINFO for population-based prospective cohort studies reporting on social determinants of child and adolescent homelessness from 0 to 24 years. No study eligibility restrictions will be placed on the date, country of origin or language of publications. Study quality will be assessed using the Methodological Standards for Epidemiological Research scale. Associations between social determinants and homelessness will be reported using pooled relative risk ratios with 95% CI. If sufficient data are available, the influence of subgroup and methodological factors will be examined using meta-regression.

Ethics and dissemination
The study will synthesise published studies that have previously been granted ethics approval, meaning that it is exempt from ethics review or approval. Study findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal article, conference and seminar presentations. The authors will distribute a plain language summary through their academic and professional networks.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42024577716.

Objective
This review aimed to map the concept of patient safety culture in emergency departments (EDs), describe the availability of evidence related to patient safety culture as assessed by healthcare workers, identify the key focus areas of existing studies and pinpoint gaps in the current literature.

Design
A scoping review followed a comprehensive methodological process that included five steps based on the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley and updated by Peters et al.

Eligibility criteria
Studies encompassing original research and all pertinent published and grey literature within the last 15 years (2010–2024) that aligned with the population (healthcare workers), concept (patient safety culture) and context (emergency department) framework for this study were included.

Data sources
PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), WOS, Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), and KISS databases were searched for original studies published between 2010 and 2024 that aligned with the topic of this study.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two researchers independently extracted data from 28 eligible articles using a predetermined data extraction tool. A third researcher reviewed the data to ensure accuracy.

Results
A total of 28 articles were included in the review. The findings indicated an increase in research on patient safety culture in emergency departments since 2021. However, no eligible studies have assessed it within North America. Teamwork within units was the most positively perceived dimension, whereas the reporting of patient safety incidents was the least positively perceived dimension.

Conclusions
Although research on patient safety culture in eergency departments has increased, the findings remain limited in their generalisability due to a lack of diverse methodologies. Qualitative studies are needed to deepen the understanding of patient safety culture in multifaceted contexts. This review contributes to the academic field by bringing us closer to developing tailored interventions that can foster a positive patient safety culture in emergency departments.

Protocol registration
The protocol for this scoping review was registered in the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/9f7qc).

Objectives
To compile and compare the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) models that exist worldwide and their applicability in primary healthcare (PHC).

Introduction
The world’s population is ageing rapidly, but health systems are slow to keep up with this trend, making it difficult to provide care for older adults. The broad concept of frailty has prompted a comprehensive and holistic approach to patients, where the assessment is related not only to functional, physical and cognitive abilities of the older adults, but also their social, environmental and economic context. In recent decades, the approach to frailty has taken the CGA as the gold standard. With this project, we intend to carry out a scoping review to identify and describe tools to help standardise and generalise CGA in PHC.

Inclusion criteria
Individuals aged 65 years or over; CGA in a PHC setting; the CGA methods reported must include at least three domains: physical, cognitive and social; Articles without language restrictions; Articles published in the last 30 years.

Methods
All studies that refer to CGA models and fulfil the inclusion criteria will be selected. A bibliographic search of articles will be carried out using the following electronic scientific publication databases: MEDLINE-PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. We will search for grey literature on sites such as ‘OpenGrey’ and thesis repositories such as RCAAP, EBSCO and EThOS, as well as on the WHO pages. The articles will be independently selected by two reviewers, and the data will be presented in narrative format, structured according to the objective, focus and question of the review.

Ethics and dissemination
Approved by the ethics committee of the regional health administration of the centre, registered as Project 11/2024 and approved on 8 May 2024. The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and national or international conference presentations. Updates of the review will be conducted, as necessary.

Trial registration number
Open Science (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/REH43).

Objectives
Understand the relational influences on help-seeking for mental health and substance use problems among people experiencing social marginalisation, with a focus on research applying social capital theory and social network analysis methods.

Design
Scoping review.

Data sources
EMBASE, Web of Science, Criminal Justice Abstracts and SocINDEX were searched up to June 2023, and Web of Science email alerts were used to capture any further publications up to June 2024.

Eligibility criteria
English-language, peer-reviewed publications that (1) focused on/discussed help-seeking for mental health or substance use problems; (2) included adults experiencing social marginalisation beyond sociodemographic factors; and (3) applied social capital theory or social network analysis methods.

Data extraction and synthesis
We extracted and charted data pertinent to review objectives and narratively synthesised results.

Results
Twenty-seven papers were included. Most (n=19) focused on the experiences of people who used drugs. Five specifically focused on help-seeking, four of which applied quantitative social network analysis, one was framed by network theories of social capital and one referred to social capital in interpreting findings. The remaining 22 papers discussed help-seeking while focused on different phenomena. Seven of these framed their approach with social capital, but none explicitly applied social capital to help-seeking. Eight papers used social network analysis, with four focused on help-seeking and seven using personal networks. Social/relational influences identified included: fear of losing social capital, the risks of high bonding capital, service providers as social capital, selective help-seeking, trust and network culture. Social capital, interconnected with the tight-knit bonds within marginalised groups, could deter help-seeking. Knowledge and attitudes towards help and help-seeking, shaped by past experiences and network cultures, influenced help-seeking and contributed to a cautious and selective approach.

Conclusion
Theoretical elaboration and empirical research are required to better appreciate the relational influences on help-seeking for mental health and substance use problems among people experiencing social marginalisation. Social capital may provide a useful theoretical approach. While social network analysis methods have been applied, they are under-utilised.

Introduction
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for preventing disease progression. The concept of early COPD is considered to represent the initial phase of the disease course. However, different terms are used, and a standardised definition is lacking. This has hindered research and clinical utility. This systematic review aims first to examine current early COPD research and outline the definitions and terms used to help reach consensus and direct future clinical research. Second, it will identify currently proposed markers and tools for predicting the progression of early COPD and the quality of evidence to help direct future research and facilitate the development of novel management strategies.

Methods and analysis
This study will search for all clinical studies on early COPD, using a standardised search strategy, searching CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library), MEDLINE (Ovid), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Titles and abstracts will be reviewed and compared against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stage 1 of this review will assess the terms and definitions used for early COPD. Stage 2 will assess studies presenting additional markers or tools for predicting the progression of early COPD. Study quality will be assessed using a modified Downs and Black checklist for observational studies and the risk of bias (RoB) 2 tool for randomised controlled trials. This protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025645320).

Ethics and dissemination
This systematic review will use freely available data within the literature and will not directly involve human participants; therefore, ethical approval is not required. The results of this systematic review will be prepared and submitted for presentation as conference presentation(s) and for publication as a peer-reviewed article.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42025645320.