Risultati per: Alzheimer: “Forte evidenza” di coinvolgimento dei virus

L’inizio tardivo della fase Rem è associato a un maggior rischio di ammalarsi

Objective
The aim of the present study was to explore the experiences and viewpoints of professional family caregivers in the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) to identify the ecopsychosocial strategies applied by them.

Design
Qualitative study.

Setting
Kerman, Iran.

Participants
Stories were collected from 40 professional family caregivers of dementia patients.

Measurement
The guidelines of the National Consensus Project (NCP) of the USA served as the conceptual framework for the deductive thematic analysis of our qualitative data. A schematic of the entire process was performed in five steps.

Results
30 stories relevant to the aim of this study were included in the analysis from April to June 2021. A majority of the stories were written by female caregivers. We identified 19 ecopsychosocial interventions, which covered the NCP dimensions except ‘Care of the patient nearing the end of life’. More than half of these interventions were classified into psychological/psychiatric and physical aspects of care (57.8%). In addition to the care/support provided by special care units or home care, some caregivers believe that support from the government, various care organisations, social media and even other family members/friends is necessary to better manage BPSDs.

Conclusion
Despite limitations, such as having a small sample size and analysing only one story from each caregiver, our results indicate that dementia caregivers need more educational and cultural support in their ecopsychosocial strategies. Government involvement would yield more positive outcomes in managing BPSDs.

Studio pubblicato nella rivista Nature Communications

Hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) can occur due to a variety of immune-modulating exposures, including multiple drug classes and disease states. Antiviral prophylaxis can be effective in mitigating the risk of HBVr. In select cases, clinical monitoring without antiviral prophylaxis is sufficient for managing the risk of HBVr. This clinical practice guideline update aims to inform frontline health care practitioners by providing evidence-based practice recommendation for the management of HBVr in at-risk individuals.

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Introduction
Despite repeated vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 virus, patients who are immunocompromised remain at very high risk of catching SARS-CoV-2 virus and becoming unwell. AZD7442 (Evusheld) is a long-acting monoclonal antibody treatment that has been shown in clinical trials to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection for up to a year after a single dose. Vaccines require a healthy immune system to generate protective immunity. AZD7442 may prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised individuals that may not have responded to repeated vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Unlike vaccinations, AZD7442 reaches effective levels within the body a few hours after a single dose. The RAPID-PROTECTION trial will determine the levels of immune protection that AZD7442 offers patients at the very highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and whether this protection can be further enhanced by repeated vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods
RAPID-PROTECTION is a multicentre, interventional and open-label adaptive platform trial that aims to recruit 350 immunocompromised participants across five UK centres. Participants will be administered AZD7442 on day 0 followed by a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination 28 days later. Participants will be randomised (1:1) to the Moderna vaccine or Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. Participant samples will be taken at baseline and at multiple timepoints after the administration of AZD7442.

Analysis
The participant samples will be analysed to measure the function and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody and T-cell responses at baseline and at multiple timepoints after the administration of AZD7442. The immunological effect of the study interventions will be determined by comparison of the results of immunological assessments at baseline and subsequent timepoints.

Ethics and dissemination
The trial protocol was approved by the research ethics committee of the National Health Service (reference 22/HRA/0359), Health Research Authority and Health and Care Research Wales on 25 July 2022. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences.

Trial registration number
ISRCTN53507177.

Studio guidato dalle Molinette di Torino. Ruolo rare mutazioni

Recently, in Canada, Thornton et al observed a higher proportion of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG among persons with cystic fibrosis having received (20.7%) or not (19.3%) a lung transplantation compared with a non-cystic fibrosis population (10.7%).1 In order to understand the difference in the seropositivity rate between these populations, they focused their research on the use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT).1 Indeed, pancreatic insufficiency is quite common in patients with cystic fibrosis, requiring PERT. PERT is porcine derived. Pork is one of the main reservoirs of HEV.2 Zoonotic transmission of viruses through PERT was previously recognised.3 Thornton et al detected HEV RNA in 44% of PERT capsules obtained from different formulations and produced by four different manufacturers.1 In their study, 3 out of 29 lung transplant patients with cystic fibrosis have detectable HEV RNA and developed chronic…

MENA experiences considerable HCV incidence among PWID. While the interventions showed potential, only large-scale or multi-intervention strategies can achieve meaningful reductions in HCV transmission.

Rischio più alto per donne; attesi 1 milione di nuovi casi annui

Anche del declino cognitivo lieve

Perché risvegliano virus latenti dannosi

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.