Effects of aquatic exercise compared with land-based exercise on the body composition and function of older adults with sarcopenia: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction
Sarcopenia is a condition that occurs more frequently in older adults. Although many types of exercise have been used in the treatment of sarcopenia, few studies have been conducted on different interventional environments for sarcopenia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of aquatic exercise and land-based exercise on the body composition and function of participants with sarcopenia.

Methods and analysis
This randomised, controlled, single-blinded trial will enrol 45 participants (≥ 65 years) following the diagnostic criteria set by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Participants will be randomised and assigned to one of three groups (aquatic exercise group, land-based exercise group and control group). Assessments will be conducted four times: initially (before intervention), after 8 weeks (intermediate), after 16 weeks (final) and 16 weeks after the end of intervention (follow-up). The primary outcomes are appendicular skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength, while the secondary outcomes include the Short Physical Performance Battery, 6-minute walk test and the Chinese version of the 36-item short-form of health-related quality of life.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Sport University, with permission number CDSUEC2023-125. This study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300077457). All participants will provide written informed consent.

Trial registration number
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300077457.

Leggi
Gennaio 2025

Association of sarcopenia, ambient air pollution and cognitive function in a community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly Korean population: a community-based cohort study

Objectives
To investigate the association of sarcopenia, exposure to medium-term to long-term ambient particulate matter 2.5 µm and 10 µm (PM2.5 and PM10) pollution and cognitive function in a community-dwelling cohort of middle-aged and older adults in South Korea.

Design
A community-based prospective cohort study.

Setting
In the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

Participants
The participants were drawn from the seventh follow-up visit conducted between 2015 and 2016 in the KoGES community-based Ansung cohort who had participated in an ageing substudy.

Outcome measures
Cognitive function was evaluated by the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) and decreased cognitive function was defined as a K-MMSE score of 23 or less.

Results
Of the 2274 participants (mean age 70.1 years, 58.3% women and mean annual PM2.5 and PM10 levels of 30.7 and 52.2 μg/m3, respectively), 8.7% (n=197) were sarcopenic, 35.8% (n=814) were possible sarcopenic and 55.5% (n=1263) were non-sarcopenic. The predictors of sarcopenia included body mass index, cognitive function, age, marital status, hypertension and physical activity. Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 for an average duration of 1 month to 3 years was not selected as a predictor of sarcopenia. Participants with sarcopenia were associated with lower cognitive scores (β=–1.51, p

Leggi
Dicembre 2024