Risultati per: Linee guida su HIV, epatite e malattie sessualmente trasmissibili.

Objectives
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and explore associations with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hscTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Kenya.

Design
Pilot cross-sectional study.

Setting
Data were collected from community HIV clinics across two sites in Nairobi, Kenya, from July 2019 to May 2020.

Participants
Convenience sample of 200 PLHIV (≥30 years with no prior history of CVD).

Outcome measures
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and its association with hsTnI and hsCRP levels.

Results
Across 200 PLHIV (median age 46 years, IQR 38–53; 61% women), the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol >6.1 mmol/L) and hypertension were 19% (n=30/199) and 30% (n=60/200), respectively. Smoking and diabetes prevalence was 3% (n=5/200) and 4% (n=7/200). HscTnI was below the limit of quantification (3 mg/L), intermediate (1–3 mg/L) and low (160 mm Hg (aOR 4.68, 95% CI 1.55 to 14) compared with

Introduction
Many people with HIV report both distress and pain. The relationship between distress and pain is bidirectional, but the mechanisms by which distress exacerbates pain are unclear. The inflammatory response to challenge (inflammatory reactivity, IR) may be a partial mediator, given that neuroimmune interactions provide a substrate for IR to also influence neurological reactivity and, thus, pain-related neural signalling. This prospective, observational, case–control study will characterise the relationships between distress, IR, pain-related signalling as captured by induced secondary hyperalgesia (SH), and pain, in people with HIV who report persistent pain (PP) (cases) or no pain (controls).

Methods and analysis
One hundred people with suppressed HIV, reporting either PP or no pain, will be assessed two or four times over 6 months. The primary outcomes are distress (Hopkins 25-item symptom checklist), IR (multiplex assay after LPS challenge), and PP (Brief Pain Inventory), assessed at the baseline timepoint, although each will also be assessed at follow-up time points. Induced SH will be assessed in a subsample of 60 participants (baseline timepoint only). To test the hypothesis that IR partly mediates the relationship between distress and pain, mediation analysis will use the baseline data from the PP group to estimate direct and indirect contributions of distress and IR to pain. To test the hypothesis that IR is positively associated with SH, data from the subsample will be analysed with generalised mixed effects models to estimate the association between IR and group membership, with SH as the dependent variable.

Ethics and dissemination
Information obtained from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings. The study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Cape Town (approval number: 764/2019) and the City of Cape Town (ref: 24699).

Trial registration number
NCT04757987.

Comunicato del 18/05/2022 n°26

L’obiettivo è di aiutare a garantire una risposta globale più resiliente contro epidemie future, producendo vaccini e trattamenti di seconda generazione non solo per Sars-Cov2, ma anche per nuovi coronavirus

Le autorità nazionali di Gran Bretagna, Spagna e Stati Uniti indagano su queste nuove infezioni, ma la causa della malattia rimane poco chiara