Risultati per: Le cause della polmonite nei bambini

Objectives
Decreased prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was associated with adverse outcomes in many clinical diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between baseline PNI value and adverse clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Design
The Personalized Antiplatelet Therapy According to CYP2C19 Genotype in Coronary Artery Disease (PRACTICE) study, a prospective cohort study of 15 250 patients with CAD, was performed from December 2016 to October 2021. The longest follow-up period was 5 years. This study was a secondary analysis of the PRACTICE study.

Setting
The study setting was Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital in China.

Participants
Using the 50th and 90th percentiles of the PNI in the total cohort as two cut-off limits, we divided all participants into three groups: Q1 (PNI

Some policymakers have suggested increasing the eligibility age for Medicare and implementing work requirements for Medicaid coverage to reduce US health care costs. However, a recent analysis involving data projections from the Census Bureau suggests that the proposed changes would cost thousands of lives without saving the government as much money as expected.

The COVID-19 vaccines made by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna do not cause such conditions as female infertility, myocardial infarction, Bell palsy, or Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults, according to a report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine that reviewed evidence for potential harms for 19 conditions associated with these vaccines. There was not enough evidence involving children to draw conclusions about possible harms.

This cross-sectional study compares all-cause and cause-specific mortality trends and rates among youth from different races and ethnicities between 1999 and 2021.

Objectives
To estimate the shape of the causal relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality risk in a Mendelian randomisation framework.

Design
Mendelian randomisation analyses of two prospective population-based cohorts.

Setting
Individuals of European ancestries living in Norway or the UK.

Participants
56 150 participants from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway and 366 385 participants from UK Biobank recruited by postal invitation.

Outcomes
All-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality (cardiovascular, cancer, non-cardiovascular non-cancer).

Results
A previously published non-linear Mendelian randomisation analysis of these data using the residual stratification method suggested a J-shaped association between genetically predicted BMI and mortality outcomes with the lowest mortality risk at a BMI of around 25 kg/m2. However, the ‘constant genetic effect’ assumption required by this method is violated. The reanalysis of these data using the more reliable doubly-ranked stratification method provided some indication of a J-shaped relationship, but with much less certainty as there was less precision in estimates at the lower end of the BMI distribution. Evidence for a harmful effect of reducing BMI at low BMI levels was only present in some analyses, and where present, only below 20 kg/m2. A harmful effect of increasing BMI for all-cause mortality was evident above 25 kg/m2, for cardiovascular mortality above 24 kg/m2, for cancer mortality above 30 kg/m2 and for non-cardiovascular non-cancer mortality above 26 kg/m2. In UK Biobank, the association between genetically predicted BMI and mortality at high BMI levels was stronger in women than in men.

Conclusion
This research challenges findings from previous conventional observational epidemiology and Mendelian randomisation investigations that the lowest level of mortality risk is at a BMI level of around 25 kg/m2. Our results provide some evidence that reductions in BMI will increase mortality risk for a small proportion of the population, and clear evidence that increases in BMI will increase mortality risk for those with BMI above 25 kg/m2.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Annals of Internal Medicine, Ahead of Print.

Despite many anecdotes in the popular media, no good evidence supports an association yet.

Introduction An 85-year-old woman, with a high-grade fever (40°C) and abdominal pain, was referred to our hospital. Blood examination revealed an elevated white blood cell count (25.8×10/L) and elevated levels of C reactive protein (8.54 mg/dL), alanine aminotransferase (95 IU/L), aspartate transaminase (138 IU/L), alkaline phosphatase (804 IU/L), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (703 IU/L), and total (5.0 mg/dL) and direct (3.2 mg/dL) bilirubin. Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) was performed (figure 1). Question What is the diagnosis? Answer CECT revealed a massive paraesophageal hernia, with prolapse of the stomach, duodenum and pancreatic head. Obstructive jaundice was accompanied by a mesenteric gastric volvulus (figure 2). An emergency endoscopy was performed to release the volvulus. Although the endoscope could reach the fourth portion of the duodenum, the pancreatic head remained locked within the hernial sac, and endoscopic detorsion could not be performed (figure 3). As the forward-viewing endoscope could enable frontal…

More than 3 billion people—about 43% of the global population—lived with neurological conditions in 2021, according to results from the Global Burden of Disease Study published in The Lancet Neurology. Although this represented an 18.2% increase from 1990, once researchers adjusted for age, they found that the prevalence of neurological conditions rose by about 1.5% over the past 2 decades.